1کارشناس ارشد بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران.
2استاد تمام، عضو هیئت علمی گروه بیومکانیک، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
3کارشناسی ارشد کاردرمانی، مربی دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
4کارشناسی ارشد آمار زیستی، مربی دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت: 09 دی 1393،
تاریخ بازنگری: 27 اردیبهشت 1394،
تاریخ پذیرش: 01 شهریور 1394
چکیده
مقدمه و اهداف هر رشته ورزشی نسبت به ویژگی و نیاز آن رشته و نوع تمرینات و مهارت هایی که انجام می دهد به سطوح مختلفی از تعادل نیاز دارد. این مطالعه با توجه به نقش تعادل ایستا و شاخص های آنتروپومتریکی در ورزش تیراندازی و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد تیراندازان و با هدف آگاهی دادن به متخصصین ورزش تیراندازی به منظور شناسایی نقاط قوت و اصلاح نقاط ضعف تیراندازان زن و مرد صورت گرفته است. مواد و روش ها ارزیابی های شاخص های آنتروپومتریکی: وزن، قد (ایستاده و نشسته)، طول دو دست، طول بازو، طول واقعی پا، طول کف پا، پهنای زانو، محیط بازو در حال استراحت و انقباض، محیط ساعد، محیط لگن، محیط وسط ران، محیط زانو، محیط ساق پا، محیط مچ پا، BMI، درصد چربی بدن، WHR و دو تست تعادلی شارپندرومبرگ و لک لک از 32 تیرانداز (16 تیرانداز زن و 16 تیرانداز مرد از میان 45 تیرانداز تیم ملی) و 32 نفر گروه کنترل (16 زن و 16 مرد) گرفته شد. یافته ها یافته ها نشان می دهد که، در نمره تعادل لک لک با شاخص های آنتروپومتریکی در زنان تیرانداز تنها بین متغیر وزن و در مردان تیرانداز تنها بین متغیر پهنای زانو ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد و در زنان تیرانداز (به جز در شاخص وزن) و مردان تیرانداز نمره تعادل شارپندرومبرگ هیچ ارتباط معناداری با هیچ یک از شاخص های آنتروپومتریکی آنها ندارد. تیراندازان دارای تعادل بالاتری نسبت به افراد گروه کنترل هستند و همچنین مقایسه شاخص های اصلی آنتروپومتریکی تیراندازان نخبه بزرگسال زن و مرد نشان داد که بین بیشتر شاخص های آنتروپومتریکی اختلاف معناداری بود. نتیجه گیری می توان نتیجه گرفت که تیراندازان نخبه ایرانی بطور معناداری تعادل ایستای بالاتری نسبت به گروه کنترل خود دارند.
1MSc in Sport Biomechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Tehran Markaz, Tehran, Iran.
2PhD, Full Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
3MSc in Occupation Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4MSc in Biostatistics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Background and Aim: The present study was carried out to study the role of static balance and anthropometric indices in the shooting sports and its impact on the performance of the shooters with the aim of informing the shooting sports specialists and correcting weaknesses in male and female shooters. Materials and Methods: Anthropometric characteristics, weight, height (standing and sitting positions), two hands, arm length, leg length, the actual length of the foot, knee width, resting and contracting arm circumference, arm circumference, hip circumference, the mid-thigh, the knee, the leg, the ankle, BMI, percent body fat, WHR, and two tests for balance, i.e. Sharpened Romberg and stork, were evaluated for 32 shooters (16 women and 16 men from among the pool of 45 shooters of the National Shooting Team) and 32 controls (16 females and 16 males). Results: The results showed that comparison of the stork balance with anthropometric indices revealed significant difference only in weight variable in female participants and the width of the knee in male participants. No sifnificant relationship was observed between Sharpened Romberg test indices and any of the anthropometric indices in females (except for weight) and males either. Shooters were observed to have better balance compared with that of the control group. Moreover, comparison of anthropometric indices of the adult male and female elite shooters showed that there is a significant difference among all the anthropometric indices. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the Iranian elite shooters have a significantly higher static balance in comparison with that of the control group.
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