ارتباط بین انگیختگی و فعال‌سازی با تعادل پویا در ساعات متفاوت روز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 استاد دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
تعادل پویا عنصر کلیدی در فعالیت‌های روزمره و فعالیت‌های ورزشی است و بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر آن از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضر بر ارتباط بین انگیختگی و فعال‌سازی با تعادل پویا در ساعات مختلف روز تمرکز داشت.
مواد و روش­ ها
30 شرکت‌کننده (سن: 64/1±01/21، جنس: مذکر) آزمون تعادل پویا را در ساعات 10:00، 15:00 و 20:00 از روز انجام دادند. سطح هدایت الکتریکی پوست شرکت‌کنندگان به‌طور مداوم در طول انجام تکلیف تعادل ثبت شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آنوا، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون تحلیل شد.
یافته­ ها
نتایج نشان داد که فاصله دستیابی تعادل پویا در ساعت 15:00 نسبت به 10:00 و 20:00 بیشتر بود. دیگر نتایج رابطه‌ای خطی بین فعال‌سازی و عملکرد را نشان داد که شدت همبستگی در بعدازظهر بیشتر بود.
نتیجه ­گیری
نتایج تحقیق حاضر شواهد محکمی را در زمینهء جداسازی انگیختگی و فعال‌سازی به‌عنوان جنبه‌های جداگانه‌ای از کارکردهای رفتاری و فیزیولوژیکی فراهم نمود. همچنین، فعال‌سازی را به‌عنوان عاملی که سبب برتری تعادل پویا در بعدازظهر نسبت به صبح و عصر است، معرفی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between Arousal and Activation with Dynamic Balance in Different Times of the Day

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Hamzeh Sabzi 1
  • Mohammad Vaez Mousavi 2
  • Pouneh Mokhtari 3
1 Assistant Professor, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Islamic Azad University Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Dynamic balance is a key element in everyday and sports activities and it is important to examine the factors that affect it. The present study focused on the relationship between arousal and activation with dynamic balance at different times of the day.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 male participants, aged 21.01±1.64 performed dynamic test at 10:00 a.m., 15:00, and 20:00 p.m. on a single day. Skin conductance level of participants was recorded continuously during performing balance task. ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and regression were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results indicated that dynamic balance based on reaching distance was higher at 15:00 p.m. than 20:00 p.m. and 10:00 a.m. It was also found that a linear relationship exists between activation and performance; the intensity of correlation was higher in the afternoon.
Conclusion: These findings support the idea on separation of arousal and activation as separable aspects of the physiological and behavioral functions. In this approach, the activation was introduced for the afternoon as the factor causing superiority of dynamic balance, as compared with morning and evening.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arousal
  • Activation؛ Skin Conductance Level؛ dynamic Balance؛ Performance
  1. Riemann BL, Myers JB, Lephart SM. Sensorimotor system measurement techniques. Journal of athletic    training.2002;37(1):85.##
  2. Gaeini AA, Rajabi, H. Physical Fitness. 6nd ed: Samt Publication; 2010. P.58-68. ##
  3. Winter DA, Patla A, Frank J. Assessment of balance control in humans. Med Prog Technol. 1990;16(1-2):31- 51. ##
  4. Paillard T, Noé F. Effect of expertise and visual contribution on postural control in soccer. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2006;16(5):345-8. ##
  5. Sadeghi H, Sarshin, A., Abassi, A. The effect of activity related fatigue on dynamic postural control. Research on Sport Sciences. 2000;12(20):79-94. [in persian]. ##
  6. Tropp H, Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. Stabilometry in functional instability of the ankle and its value in predicting injury. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1984;16(1):64-6. ##
  7. Verhagen E, Van der Beek A, Twisk J, Bouter L, Bahr R, Van Mechelen W. The effect of a proprioceptive balance board training program for the prevention of ankle sprains: a prospective controlled trial. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(6):1385-93. ##
  8. Hrysomallis C. Balance ability and athletic performance. Sports medicine. 2011;41(3):221-32. ##
  9. Heinbaugh EM, Smith DT, Zhu Q, Wilson MA, Dai B. The effect of time-of-day on static and dynamic balance in recreational athletes. Sports biomechanics. 2015;14(3):361-73. ##
  10. Gribble PA, Tucker WS, White PA. Time-of-day influences on static and dynamic postural control. Journal of Athletic Training. 2007;42(1):35. ##
  11. Kwon YH, Choi YW, Nam SH, Lee MH. The influence of time of day on static and dynamic postural control in normal adults. Journal of physical therapy science. 2014;26(3):409-12. ##
  12. Mousavi L SH, Norasteh A. The Effect of Time of Day on Static and Dynamic Postural Control in Female and Male Athletes. journal of sport medicine. 2011;1(3):113-27. [in persian]. ##
  13. Bessot N, Lericollais R, Gauthier A, Sesboüé B, Bulla J, Moussay S. Diurnal variation in gait characteristics and transition speed. Chronobiology international. 2015;32(1):136-42. ##
  14. Baccouch R, Zarrouk N, Chtourou H, Rebai H, Sahli S. Time-of-day effects on postural control and attentional capacities in children. Physiology & behavior. 2015;142:146-51. ##
  15. Deschamps T, Magnard J, Cornu C. Postural control as a function of time-of-day: influence of a prior strenuous running exercise or demanding sustained-attention task. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation. 2013;10(1):26. ##
  16. Jorgensen M, Rathleff MS, Laessoe U, Caserotti P, Nielsen O, Aagaard P. Time-of-day influences postural balance in older adults. Gait & posture. 2012;35(4):653-7. ##
  17. Son SM. The Circadian Effects on Postural Stability in Young Adults. The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy. 2017;29(3):142-4. ##
  18. Bougard C, Lepelley M-C, Davenne D. The influences of time-of-day and sleep deprivation on postural control. Experimental brain research. 2011;209(1):109-15. ##
  19. Grant MC, Glen J. An investigation into sleep patterns and the effect of time of day on performance in youth swimmers. Biological Rhythm Research. 2018:1-14. ##
  20. Bougard C, Davenne D. Morning/evening differences in somatosensory inputs for postural control. BioMed research international. 2014;1-9. ##
  21. Klein DC, Moore RY, Reppert SM. Suprachiasmatic nucleus: the mind's clock: Oxford University Press, USA; 1991. ##
  22. Achermann P, Borbély AA. Simulation of daytime vigilance by the additive interaction of a homeostatic and a circadian process. Biological cybernetics. 1994;71(2):115-21. ##
  23. Aston-Jones G, Chen S, Zhu Y, Oshinsky ML. A neural circuit for circadian regulation of arousal. Nature neuroscience. 2001;4(7):732. ##
  24. Aston-Jones G, Bloom F. Nonrepinephrine-containing locus coeruleus neurons in behaving rats exhibit pronounced responses to non-noxious environmental stimuli. Journal of Neuroscience. 1981;1(8):887-900. ##
  25. Berridge CW, Foote SL. Effects of locus coeruleus activation on electroencephalographic activity in neocortex and hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. 1991;11(10):3135-45. ##
  26. Patel M, Gomez S, Berg S, Almbladh P, Lindblad J, Petersen H, et al. Effects of 24-h and 36-h sleep deprivation on human postural control and adaptation. Experimental brain research. 2008;185(2):165-73. ##
  27. Barry RJ, Clarke AR, McCarthy R, Selikowitz M, Rushby JA. Arousal and activation in a continuous performance task. Journal of Psychophysiology. 2005;19(2):91-9. ##
  28. Pribram KH, McGuinness D. Arousal, activation, and effort in the control of attention. Psychological review. 1975;82(2):116. ##
  29. Noteboom JT, Fleshner M, Enoka RM. Activation of the arousal response can impair performance on a simple motor task. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2001;91(2):821-31. ##
  30. VaezMousavi SM, Barry RJ, Rushby JA, Clarke AR. Arousal and activation effects on physiological and behavioral responding during a continuous performance task. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis. 2007;67(4):461. ##
  31. VaezMousavi SM, Barry RJ, Rushby JA, Clarke AR. Evidence for differentiation of arousal and activation in normal adults. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis. 2007;67(2):179-186. ##
  32. Edwards B, Waterhouse J, Atkinson G, Reilly T. Exercise does not necessarily influence the phase of the circadian rhythm in temperature in healthy humans. Journal of sports sciences. 2002;20(9):725-32. ##
  33. Winget CM, DeRoshia CW, Holley DC. Circadian rhythms and athletic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.Exercise. 1985;17(5):498-516##
  34. Daman Pak S MP, VaezMousavi M. The Locus of Arousal and Activation Effects on Information Processing Stages. sport psychology studies. 2016;4(14):59-78. [in persian]. ##
  35. Edwards BJ, Lindsay K, Waterhouse J. Effect of time of day on the accuracy and consistency of the badminton serve. Ergonomics. 2005;48(11-14):1488-98. ##
  36. Atkinson G, Speirs L. Diurnal variation in tennis service. Perceptual and motor skills. 1998;86(3):1335-8. ##
  37. Reilly T, Fairhurst E, Edwards B, Waterhouse J, editors. Time of day and performance tests in male football players. Science and Football V: The Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress on Sports Science and Football; 2005: Routledge. ##
  38. Hewett TE, Stroupe AL, Nance TA, Noyes FR. Plyometric training in female athletes: decreased impact forces and increased hamstring torques. The American journal of sports medicine. 1996;24(6):765-73. ##
  39. Cappaert TA. Review: time of day effect on athletic performance: an update. J Strength Condition Res. 1999;13:412-21. ##
  40. Jarraya S, Jarraya M. The effects of music and the time-of-day on cognitive abilities of tennis player. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2017:1-12. ##
  41. Wright V, Dowson D, Longfied M. Joint stiffness--its characterisation and significance. Biomedical engineering. 1969;4(1):8-14. ##
  42. Edwards B, Atkinson G. Effect of time of day on flexibility in morning and evening chronotypes. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1998;16(1):45-6. ##
  43. Reilly T, Atkinson G, Waterhouse J. Chronobiology and physical performance. Exercise and Sport Science Philadelphia. 2000:351-67. ##
  44. Wyse J, Mercer T, Gleeson N. Time-of-day dependence of isokinetic leg strength and associated interday variability. British journal of sports medicine. 1994;28(3):167-70. ##
  45. Callard D, Davenne D, Gauthier A, Lagarde D, Van Hoecke J. Circadian rhythms in human muscular efficiency: continuous physical exercise versus continuous rest. A crossover study. Chronobiology international. 2000;17(5):693-704. ##
  46. Martin A, Carpentier A, Guissard N, Van Hoecke J, Duchateau J. Effect of time of day on force variation in a human muscle. Muscle & nerve. 1999;22(10):1380-7. ##
  47. Strutton PH, Catley M, Davey NJ. Stability of corticospinal excitability and grip force in intrinsic hand muscles in man over a 24-h period. Physiology & behavior. 2003;79(4-5):679-82. ##
  48. Atkinson G, Greeves J, Reilly T, Cable N. Day-to-day and circadian variability of leg strength measured with the LIDO isokinetic dynamometer. J Sports Sci. 1995;13:18-9. ##
  49. Deschenes MR, Kraemer WJ, Bush JA, Doughty TA, Kim D, Mullen KM, et al. Biorhythmic influences on functional capacity of human muscle and physiological responses. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1998;30(9):1399-407. ##
  50. Moya-Albiol L, Salvador A, Costa R, Martınez-Sanchis S, Gonzalez-Bono E, Ricarte J, et al. Psychophysiological responses to the Stroop Task after a maximal cycle ergometry in elite sportsmen and physically active subjects. International journal of psychophysiology. 2001;40(1):47-59. ##
  51. Andersson S, Finset A. Heart rate and skin conductance reactivity to brief psychological stress in brain-injured patients. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1998;44(6):645-56. ##
  52. Vaez Mousavi S, Naji M, Osanlou M, Esmaeilpour Marandi H. Cadet s performance prediction in a static balance task based on arousal and activation. MilMed Journal. 2011;13(2):109-16. ##
  53. Tremayne P, Barry RJ. Elite pistol shooters: physiological patterning of best vs. worst shots. International journal of psychophysiology. 2001;41(1):19-29. ##
  54. Pribram KH, McGuinness D. Attention and Para‐Attentional Processing. Event‐Related Brain Potentials as Tests of a Model. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1992;658(1):65-92. ##
  55. VaezMousavi S, Hashemi-Masoumi E, Jalali S. Arousal and activation in a sport shooting task. World Appl Sci J. 2008;4(6):824-9. ##
دوره 7، شماره 4
آذر و دی 1397
صفحه 236-248
  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1397