بررسی تاثیر برنامه توانبخشی عملکرد‌های بینایی پایه بر توانایی خواندن کودکان نارساخوان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی. کارشناس ارشد اپتومتری، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی. تهران، ایران

2 2. دکترای تخصصی علوم اعصاب شناختی، استادیار گروه علوم اعصاب شناختی، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 3. دکترای تخصصی چشم پزشکی، استاد دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

4 4. کارشناس ارشد آمار زیستی، مربی دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه
تاکنون نظریات گوناگونی پیرامون علل ایجاد کننده نارساخوانی ارائه شده‌است که در میان آن‌ها اختلالات عملکردهای بینایی از اهمیت چشمگیری برخوردار‌است. بر همین اساس تمرینات توانبخشی متفاوتی برای برطرف کردن مشکلات بینایی مرتبط توصیه شده است. هدف ازاین مطالعه بررسی تاثیر برنامه توانبخشی عملکردهای بینایی پایه بر توانایی خواندن کودکان نارساخوان می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها
در این مطالعه 20 کودک نارساخوان 11-7 سال به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (10نفر) و شاهد (10نفر) قرار داده شدند. گروه آزمایش به مدت 10 جلسه تمرینات توانبخشی بینایی را که شامل تمرینات تقویتی سهولت تطابقی و همچنین نرم افزار برنامه توانبخشی شناختی نجاتی (تمرینات تقویتی کارکردهای بینایی پایه) بود، انجام دادند اما گروه شاهد هیچ گونه تمرینی را دریافت نکردند. عملکرد سهولت تطابق و توانایی خواندن در هر دو گروه قبل و بعد از مداخله به ترتیب توسط آزمون سهولت تطابق و آزمون ارزیابی توانایی خواندن فارسی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها
نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که در گروه آزمایش پس از انجام مداخله، افزایش معناداری در نمرات صحت و درک خواندن و کاهش معناداری در نمره خطای خواندن ایجاد شدهاست (0005/0p≤). در صورتی که در گروه شاهد هیچ گونه بهبودی در موارد ذکر شده ایجاد نشد.
نتیجه گیری
با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده می‌توان گفت که برنامه توانبخشی عملکرد‌های بینایی پایه باعث بهبود در توانایی خواندن کودکان نارساخوان می‌شود. بنابراین در مواردی که نارساخوانی مرتبط با مشکلات دستگاه بینایی است، می‌توان از تمرینات تقویتی عملکردهای بینایی پایه به عنوان یک روش درمانی موثر بهره جست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of basic visual functions rehabilitation on reading ability of dyslexic children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tayebe Tahmasbi 1
  • Vahid Nejati 2
  • Mohammad Ghssemi Broumand 3
  • Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaee 4
1 1. Student Research Commeittee.MSc student of Optometry, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 2. Assisstant Professor, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 3. Professor of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 4. MSc in Biostatistics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Many theories have discussed the etiology of dyslexia in which defect in visual performance is the current one. Therefore different rehabilitation exercises are recommended for elimination related visual defect. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of visual basic functions on improving reading abilities among students with dyslexia.
Materials and Methods: In this study, A total of twenty dyslexic children, 7-11 years of age, were randomly allocated into an experimental group (n=10) and a control group (n=10). The experimental group performed training of visual rehabilitation through 10 sessions that consisted of accommodation facility (AF) training as well as Nejati cognitive rehabilitation program software (basic visual functions training). Control group, however, did not receive any treatment. AF and reading ability were assessed respectively by AF test and Assessment of Persian Reading Ability Test in 2 groups before and after intervention. 
 
Results: Research findings indicate that after visual rehabilitation intervention, reading accuracy and comprehension scores improved in experimental group, as well as reading error score was reduced in this group (p≤0.0005). Whereas, there was not any improvement in control group.
 
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that basic visual functions rehabilitation would improve reading ability in dyslexic children.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dyslexia
  • Basic visual functions
  • Reading ability
  • Cognitive rehabilitation
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دوره 3، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1393
صفحه 32-41
  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 مهر 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 دی 1392
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 بهمن 1392
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1393