اثر انواع فعالیت های ورزشی بر تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان، درد و کیفیت زندگی افراد مبتلا به پوکی استخوان

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 1. دانشجوی دکترای بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران. تهران، ایران

2 2. استاد تمام دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران. تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
پوکی استخوان یک بیماری اسکلتی سیستماتیک است که شکستگی­های مرتبط با آن در زنان 8 برابر بیشتر از مردان است. انجام فعالیت­های فیزیکی برای حفظ توده استخوانی و قدرت بدنی حیاتی بوده و به افراد در پیشگیری از شکستگی­های ناشی از پوکی استخوان کمک می­کند. برخی مطالعات رابطه مثبت بین فعالیت­های فیزیکی و تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان (BMD) و برخی بی­اثر بودن فعالیت­های فیزیکی بر BMD را نشان داده­اند. از این رو مطالعه­ای سیستماتیک برای روشن شدن این تناقضات و تعیین اثر فعالیت­های ورزشی بر تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان نیاز است. هدف از این مطالعه مروری، بررسی اثر انواع فعالیت­های ورزشی بر تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان، درد و کیفیت زندگی در افراد مبتلا به پوکی استخوان است.
مواد و روش ها
در این مطالعه مروری از مقالات معتبر منتشر شده در مجلات ایرانی و بین­المللی Pub med، Springer، Elsevier، ScienceDirect، Magiran، Noormags، SID با کلید واژه­های استاندارد (and و or) استفاده شد. نتایج: اغلب یافته­های حاصل از بررسی مطالعات مختلف، اثر مثبت فعالیت­های ورزشی بر تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان، کاهش درد و بهبود کیفیت زندگی افراد مبتلا به پوکی استخوان را گواهی می­کند.
یافته ها
تمامی تمرینات ترکیبی استفاده شده و پژوهش­هایی که روی افراد جوان (محدوده ی سنی 25 تا 50 سال) انجام شده اثر مثبتی بر افزایش تراکم استخوانی نواحی مورد مطالعه گذاشته است در حالی­که در پژوهش­هایی که در آن از دوره­های تمرینی مشابه روی افراد مسن (محدوده ی سنی 60 تا 92 سال) استفاده شده­است، اثر مثبت نشان ندادند. فعالیت­های ورزشی مناسب برای افراد مبتلا به پوکی استخوان باید با توجه به ویژگی­هایی چون سن، هدف (درمان یا پیشگیری) و محدودیت­های بیماران انتخاب ­شود.
نتیجه گیری
با توجه به اینکه ورزش بر تراکم مواد معدنی استخوان اثر مثبت قابل توجهی دارد، پیشنهاد می­شود در زمینه­ی تمرینات ورزشی در محیط­های مختلف (خشکی، آب و ترکیبی) نیز مطالعاتی به عمل آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different exercises on the bone mineral density, pain and quality of life in people with osteoporosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Safoura Ghasemi 1
  • Heydar Sadeghi 2
1 1. Phd Student in Biomechanic of sport, Faculty of Physical Educationand Sports Science, Khrazmi University,Tehran, Iran
2 2. Full Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Khrazmi University Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease with its associated fractures   8 times higher in women than men. Doing physical activity to maintain bone mass and strength are vital and help individuals in prevention of osteoporosis-related fractures. Although some studies have shown a positive relationship between physical activity and bone mineral density (BMD), some revealed physical activities are ineffective on BMD. Thus a systematic study to clarify the contradictions and determine the effect of physical activity on bone mineral density is required. The purpose of this study was to review the effects of physical activity on bone mineral density, pain and quality of life in patients with osteoporosis
Materials and Methods: In this review, articles that were published in international and Iranian journals of Pub med, Springer, Elsevier, Science Direct, Magiran, Noor mags, SID with standard keywords were used.
Results: Most of the findings from various studies, indicated positive effects of physical activity on bone mineral density, reduced pain and improved quality of life for people with osteoporosis.
Conclusion: although compounded exercises and researches that have been done on young people suggested a positive effect on bone mineral density, in the researches on which the exercise period was similar, a positive effect did not show in elderly. Sports activities for people with osteoporosis should be selected according to the characteristics such as age, purpose (treatment or prevention) and limits of patient. Since there is a significant positive effect of exercise on bone mineral density, It is recommended to study the exercise effects in various environments (land, water, and mixed).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • physical activity
  • bone mineral density
  • quality of life and osteoporosis

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 4، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 3
مهر و آبان 1394
صفحه 156-165

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 دی 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 فروردین 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1394

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