ترجمه، تطابق فرهنگی، روایی و اعتبار یک ابزار: عوامل موثر بر تصمیم گیری محقق

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه کاردرمانی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات توانبخشی اعصاب اطفال، گروه کاردرمانی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
سنجش بخش مهمی از فرآیند ارزیابی، برنامه ریزی درمان و مداخله می­باشد و اجرای این فرآیند نیازمند دسترسی به ابزارهای مناسب است. طراحی و ساخت ابزار مسیری زمانبر و پر هزینه است، بنابراین ترجمه و استفاده از ابزارهای طراحی شده، به طور کامل نزدیک به صرفه به نظر می­رسد. اما اجرای فرآیند ترجمه و بررسی روایی و اعتبار ابزار با توجه به شرایط متفاوت است و عواملی بر آن تاثیرگزار است. در این مقاله مروری سعی بر معرفی عوامل تاثیرگزار بر تصمیم گیری محقق در انتخاب شیوه ترجمه و روایی و اعتبار شده است.
مواد و روشها
با توجه به هدف این پژوهش، منابع مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند تا عوامل اثرگذار  بر تصمیم گیری محقق مشخص شوند. پایگاه های داده های Google scholar, Pub Med, ProQuest, Elsevier  و OT seeker با کلید واژه هایtranslation, validity, reliability, cross-cultural adaptation, methodology, assessment, psychometric properties به گونه ای سازمان یافته جستجو شد. مقالات تا تاریخ مارچ 2014 جستجو شدند.
یافته ها
فرآیند ترجمه با توجه به تغییر زبان و فرهنگ تغییر می­نماید. عوامل موثر بر تصمیم گیری محقق در زمینه روش روایی و اعتبار با توجه به ابزاری که قرار است استفاده شود، بافتاری که ابزار قرار است در آن مورد استفاده قرار گیرد، روند اجرای تحقیق روایی و اعتبار و منابع مرتبط با آن تغییر می­کند.
نتیجه گیری
از مهمترین عوامل اثرگزار بر تصمیم گیری محقق می­توان به دسترسی به مترجمین و متخصصین، هدف ابزار، دسترسی به ابزارهای مشابه، دسترسی به نمونه کافی و محدودیت زمانی تحقیق اشاره نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Translation, cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of a test: Factors influencing researcher decisions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Nobakht 1
  • Hossein Sourtigi 1
  • Mehdi Rassafiani 2
1 PhD Candidate, Occupational Therapy Department, University of Social Welfare And Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Associated Professor, Occupational Therapy Department, University of Social Welfare And Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and aim: Assessment is an important part of the evaluation process, treatment planning, and intervention and this process requires the availability of suitable tools. Developing an assessment tool is an expensive and time-consuming process. It seems quite affordable to translate and use the existing tools. Translation, validity, and reliability process is different for various tools due to the different factors influencing the process. In the present review article, factors contributing to the researchers’ decision to choose the method of translation, validity and reliability have been discussed.
Materials and Methods: Literature was reviewed to identify factors contributing to the researchers’ decision-making. Google scholar, Pub Med, ProQuest, Elsevier, and OT seeker were searched. The combinations of the key words including validity, reliability, translation, cross-cultural adaptation, methodology, assessment, and psychometric properties were used. The search was limited to the articles published before March 2014.
Result: Translation processes change by using a tool in different language and culture. Factors contributing to the researcher's decision-making are different in the field of reliability and validity due to the assessment tool, context of the target population, the process, and resources of the research.
Conclusion: Access to translators and professionals, purpose of the assessment tool, access to the tools with the same context in the target language, and access to the target sample appear to be the most important factors contributing to the researchers’ decision-making.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Translation
  • Cultural adaptation
  • Validity
  • Reliability
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