تاثیر مواجهه با محیط تحت تقویت شده آکوستیک بر دستگاه شنوایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 جراح و متخصص گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشیار دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری شنوایی شناسی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری شنوایی شناسی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
میلیون­ها انسان در سراسر جهان در هر سنی از افت شنوایی حسی عصبی رنج می­برند که در معیارهای متعارف جاری درمانی برای آنها مطرح نیست و در صورت وجود افت قابل توجه، سمعک با درجات متفاوتی از توفیق تجویز می­شود. بررسی­های اخیر روشی جهت تغییر شدت و دوره زمانی افت شنوایی پیش­رونده حسی عصبی به­صورت مواجهه با سطوح تقویت شده تحریک کنترل شده آکوستیک یا محیط آکوستیک تقویت شدهAugmented Acoustic Environment (AAE)  را مطرح کرده­اند. این پدیده در مقوله­های بسیاری از جمله مقابله با پیرگوشی و سایر موارد کم شنوایی حسی عصبی پیش­رونده، کاهش آسیب­های وارده به دستگاه شنوایی پس از رخداد کم­شنوایی ناشی از نویز و افزایش مهاجرت سلول­های بنیادی پیوند شده به منطقه آسیب­دیده شنوایی بررسی شده است. عوامل مختلفی از قبیل سن، جنس و هورمون­های جنسی، محل اثر (حلزون یا AVCN)، محتوای فرکانسی AAE، سازمان­دهی تونوتوپیک و حساسیت شنوایی در پاسخ به AAE در تعیین تاثیر مثبت، منفی و یا حتی خنثی AAE بر حلزون یا AVCN نقش مهمی دارند.
مواد و روش­ها
در مقاله حاضر مروری برخی مباحث مطرح شده در خصوص "اثرات محیط تحت تقویت آکوستیک بر عملکرد دستگاه شنوایی" در مقالات از بانک­های اطلاعاتی Scopus، PubMed، Google scholar، Sciencedirect ازسال­های 1988 تا 2014 انتخاب و بررسی شدند.
نتیجه­ گیری
توجه به عوامل تعیین کننده میزان سودمندی AAE در رابطه با استفاده از سمعک (که نوعی AAE محسوب می­شود) یا کنترل نویز محیطی در افراد مواجه با خطر افت شنوایی کاربردهای واضحی دارد. در تجویز سمعک این احتمال وجود دارد که تقویت فرکانس­های مناطق آسیب­دیده حلزون می­تواند تاثیرات محیطی و مرکزی (مثبت یا منفی) مشابه با موارد گزارش شده در تقویت محیط آکوستیک در مطالعات داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Exposure to an Augmented Acoustic Environment on the Auditory System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Mousavi 1
  • Negin Salehi 2
  • Leila Faraji 3
1 Otorhinolaryngologist, Associate Professor, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD candidate of Audiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Audiology department, Tehran, Iran
3 PhD candidate of Audiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Audiology department, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Millions of individuals worldwide experience sensorineural hearing loss. The current treatments include prescription of conventional hearing aids. Hearing aids have varying degrees of success in patients experiencing considerable hearing loss. Recently, augmented acoustic environment (AAE) has been proposed as a method for alleviating the severity and progression of sensorineural hearing loss disorders, involving the exposure of patients to augmented levels of controlled acoustic stimulation. Treatment efficacy was assessed in other progressive sensorineural hearing loss disorders, such as presbycusis, in which the aim of the treatment was to reduce the damage to the auditory system following noise-induced hearing loss and to promote the migration of transplanted cells to the injured region. Different factors such as age, sex, level of sexual hormones, location of the effect (cochlea or anterior ventral cochlear nucleus [AVCN]), frequency, tonotopic organization, and hearing sensitivity determine the effect of AAE on the auditory system.
Materials and Methods: Articles published between 1988 and 2014 related to the effects of augmented acoustic environment on the function of auditory system were searched and selected for review from Google scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases.
Conclusion: The study of the factors determining the effectiveness of AAE has applications for hearing aids (following exposure to AAE), or the control of environmental noise for individuals who are at risk for hearing loss. Amplification of certain frequencies in the damaged area of the cochlea during the fitting of hearing aids may have similar peripheral and central (positive or negative) effects as those reported in other studies on AAE.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Augmented acoustic environment
  • Sensorineural hearing loss

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 6، شماره 1
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1396
صفحه 210-225

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 دی 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1396

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