ارتباط بین شناخت و نقص شناختی ملایم و دستگاه عصبی- شنوایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 جراح و متخصص گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشیار دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
تعداد افرادی که وارد مرحله سالخوردگی می­شوند رو به افزایش است و طبق آخرین گزارش­های منتشرشده، بیشترین میزان رشد آن ظرف 50 سال آینده خواهد بود، بنابراین کوشش برای شناخت و پیشگیری احتمالی از اختلالاتی که می­تواند سالمندان را به معلول جسمی و اجتماعی تبدیل کند، کاملا قابل توجیه است. تغییرات وابسته به سن در حساسیت[1] و حدت[2] اندام­های حسی از معمولی­ترین یافته­هایی است که در سالخوردگی یافت می شود و می­تواند زمینه­ساز و یا نتیجه گروهی از عوارض از جمله اختلال در پردازش­های شناختی گردد. هدف از مقاله حاضر مروری بررسی روابط متقابل دستگاه عصبی-شنوایی و شناخت به ویژه نقص شناختی ملایم و نیز اقداماتی است که می­توان برای بهبود و جلوگیری احتمالی از پیشرفت این بیماری در افراد مبتلا انجام داد.
مواد و روش ها
در مطالعه ی مروری حاضر آخرین مقالات پیرامون شناخت، نقص شناختی ملایم و دستگاه شنوایی در بانک های اطلاعاتی Science Direct، Google Scholar, Springer, Magiran,  Scopous, Proquest و   Pubmedو با استفاده از کلید واژه های مرتبط در فواصل سال های 1988 تا 2015 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
نتیجه گیری
شنوایی و شناخت مکمل هم و حاوی منابع و پردازش های مشترکی هستند که کاملا درهم تنیده شده اند. استفاده از ارزیابی اصوات خالص برای بررسی ارتباط کاهش شناخت و کم شنوایی، کفایت نمی کند، لذا به نظر می رسد که استفاده از معیار دقیق تری از ابعاد شنوایی مانند انتخاب فرکانس و پردازش زمانی، بهتر می تواند این رابطه را نشان دهد.، پژوهش های اخیر نشان داده اند که برنامه های توانبخشی متمرکز بر افزایش توانایی های شناختی، می تواند سیر پیشرفت بیماری را کُند کند و نیز باعث بهبود عملکرد حافظه و شناخت گردد، لذا پیشنهاد می شود مداخلات تشخیص و درمانی توانبخشی شناختی مناسب برای این افراد انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between Cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment and Auditory Nervous System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Moossavi 1
  • Ayub Valadbeigi 2
  • Rasool Panahi 2
1 ENT, Associate Professor of Iran University of Medical Science Tehran, Iran
2 PhD student of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: The number of people getting old is increasing and according to the latest reports, the highest growth will be over the next 50 years especially in low-income countries. Age-related changes in sensory sensitivity and acuity, especially in the cognitive processing, are the strongest scientific findings. The aim of the present review article was studying the effect of cognition and mild cognitive impairment on the auditory system as well as actions that can be used to improve and prevent the progression of the disease in the patients.
Methods: In the present review study, the latest articles about cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and auditory system in the databases Proquest, Scopous, Magiran, Springer, GoogleScholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, using related keywords were studied between 1988 and 2015.
Conclusion: Auditory and cognition are complementary and contain similar resources and processes, which are completely intertwined. The use of pure tone audiometry for the examination of the relationship between cognitive decline and auditory will not be enough, so it seems that the use of a more sensitive measure of auditory aspects such as the frequency selectivity and temporal processing, can show this relationship efficiently. On the other hand, the recent studies have shown that rehabilitation programs that are focused on increasing cognitive abilities can slow disease progression and also improves memory and cognitive function. Therefore, it is recommended that treatment interventions and cognitive rehabilitation be carried out for these people.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cognition
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Auditory System

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 6، شماره 3
مهر و آبان 1396
صفحه 230-238

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 مهر 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1396

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