مروری بر اثرات توهم شنوایی بر زندگی و تشخیص و درمان آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دفتر تحقیقات و فن آوری دانشجویان. کارشناسی ارشد شنوایی شناسی ، عضو کادر آموزشی گروه شنوایی شناسی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی. دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی

3 کارشناسی ارشد شنوایی شناسی. دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناسی ارشد شنوایی شناسی. بیمارستان طالقانی. دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه
توهم به معنی درک اشتباه یکی از حواس پنجگانه (شنوایی، بینایی، بویایی، لامسه و چشایی) است که در فقدان یک محرک خارجی مربوط به آن حس به وجود می‌آید و توسط شخص درک می‌شود. توهم شنوایی درک گفتار خارجی در غیاب محرک خارجی می­باشد.
مواد و روش­ها
مطالعه­ی حاضر بر اساس آخرین مقالات و کتاب­های منتشر شده در زمینه توهم شنوایی و با به کارگیری واژگان کلیدی از قبیل توهم شنوایی، اسکیزوفرنی، صداهای شنیداری و غیره، در پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی Pubmed، Google Scholar، Science Direct و غیره مورد جستجو قرار گرفت مطالعه­ی حاضر به موضوع توهم شنوایی می­پردازد.
توهم شنوایی بر جنبه­های مختلف زندگی فرد تاثیر می­گذارد و تحت تاثیر عواملی از جمله: جنبه­های سایکوپاتولوژی، تاثیر توهم شنوایی بر کیفیت زندگی، مدیریت و کنترل علائم توهم شنوایی، استراتژی­های مقابله با توهم شنوایی و عوامل فرهنگی در توهم شنوایی قرار می­گیرد.
در حال حاضر درمان قطعی برای توهم وجود ندارد. درمان اصلی توهم استفاده از داروهای ضدسایکوز است که بر متابولیسم دوپامین اثر می­گذارد. از دیگر روش­های درمانی توهم می­توان به Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy و Enhanced Supportive Therapy و تحرﯾﮏ ﻣﮑﺮر ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺴﯽ از روی ﺟﻤﺠﻤﻪrTMS
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation اشاره کرد، که در ادامه به­طور کامل بحث خواهد شد.
نتیجه گیری
توهم خود به تنهایی به عنوان بیماری نیست، بلکه به عنوان نشانه‌ای از برخی اختلالات مورد توجه است. توهم برای بیمار، مسئله­ای بزرگ­تر از یک علامت بیماری یا اختلال درکی است که با توجه به اختلالات همراه با آن، زمینه­های فرهنگی و مذهبی بیمار، حمایت خانواده و اطرافیان فرد قابل کنترل است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of the effect of Auditory Hallucination on Life and its Diagnosis and treatment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farnaz Fathollahzadeh 1
  • Ali Mohammadzadeh 2
  • Rezvan Rajabalipour 3
  • Azadeh Borna 4
1 Student Research Committee. MSc in Audiology. Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 MSc in Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 MSc in Audiology. Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Hallucination is misunderstanding of the five senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste), which occurs in the absence of a real external stimulus understoodand by the patient. Auditory Hallucination is subjective perceptions of external speech in the absence of external auditory stimuli.
Materials and Methods: The present study is based on the latest published articles and books in the field of Audiology, Psychology, and Auditory Hallucinations and the combinations of the keywords including Auditory Hallucination, Schizophrenia, Hallucination, Central Auditory System, etc. To review the latest literature about short-term exposure and noise impairment, articles since 1980 were selected from Google scholar, PubMed, Sciencedirect, and Scopus using the following keywords: Schizophrenia Hallucination, Auditory Hallucination, and Central auditory system.Auditory hallucinations can affect different aspects of life. It is influenced by the factors such as psychiatric aspects. Auditory hallucination has impacts on the quality of life, and is subject to management and control of the symptoms of auditory hallucinations, the strategies to deal with it, and cultural factors. Currently there is no cure for hallucination. The use of antipsychotic drugs is the main treatment for Hallucination, which affects dopamine metabolism. Other therapies such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Enhanced Supportive Therapy and Magnetic Repeated Provocations of the Skull rTM, and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, will thoroughly be discussed below.
Conclusion: In general. Hallucination by itself is not a disease, but it considered as a sign of some disorders. For the patient, Hallucination is something bigger than a symptom of the disease or disorder. It can be controlled considering all the associated disorders, cultural and religious backgrounds, and family and friends support.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Schizophrenia Hallucination
  • Auditory Hallucination
  • and Central auditory system

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 5، شماره 4
آذر و دی 1395
صفحه 238-249

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 دی 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1395

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