تاثیر فراگیری موسیقی بر افزایش مهارت های شنیداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 مربی و عضو گروه شنوایی‌شناسی دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دفتر تحقیقات و فن آوری دانشجویی. دانشجوی مقطع کارشناسی ارشد شنوایی‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
سالهاست که دانشمندان و محققین در کتب و مجلات علمی بر ارتباط موسیقی و ایجاد پلاستیسیتی تاکید دارند و هنوز هم به شناخت جنبه­های دیگری از این ارتباط علاقه دارند. در تحقیقات زیادی دیده شده که موسیقیدان­ها به علت پلاستیسیتی خاص خود در مناطق شنیداری قشری و تحت قشری سیستم عصبی مرکزی و محیطی توانایی­های بسیار بالایی در پردازش ظریف­ترین اجزای محرک­های موسیقیایی و گفتاری مختلف دارند. در مطالعه حاضر سعی شده با استفاده از نتایج مطالعات مختلف در زمینه تاثیر فراگیری موسیقی بر افزایش توانایی­های شنیداری در گروه­های مختلف سنی و به ویژه در کودکان به میزان این ارتباط و کاربرد آن در زمینه آموزش در مدارس پی برده شود.
مواد و روش ها
با استفاده از پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Google Scholar، Medline مطالعات انجام شده از سال 2000 میلادی در زمینه ایجاد پلاستیسیتی موسیقیایی در موسیقیدان­ها و مقایسه آنها با افراد غیرموسیقیدان جمع­آوری و در این مقاله آورده شده است.
نتیجه گیری
شاید در منظر اول و از لحاظ محل درک در مغز (گفتار در نیمکره چپ و موسیقی در نیمکره راست) و مسیرهای عصبی درگیر، تا حد زیادی پردازش گفتار و موسیقی متفاوت به نظر برسند، اما واقعیت چیز دیگری است. پردازش زبان و موسیقی به جنبه­های کاملا مشترکی از حس درک و شناخت در قشر و نواحی تحت قشری نیاز دارد. بنابراین با استفاده از آموزش موسیقیایی و تقویت مسیرهای عصبی مشترک درک موسیقی و زبان می­توان اختلال درک گفتار در جمعیت­های خاصی از کودکان که در درک گفتار مشکل دارند را درمان و تقویت نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Music Training for Development of Auditory Skills

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mohammadzadeh 1
  • Rebin Ghaderi2 Ghaderi 2
1 Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Student Reseach Committee .MSc Student of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: The effects of music training in relation to brain plasticity have attracted many researchers, which is evident from the popularity of books on this topic among scientists and the general public. Neuroscience research has shown that music training leads to changes throughout the cortical and sub-cortical pathways of auditory system that prime musicians for listening challenges beyond music processing as seen in the processing of speech stimuli. In the present study, we have focused on the effects of music training for development of auditory skills especially in children and their education system in school.
Materials and Methods: In order to review the latest literature about the effects of music training on the development of auditory processing and brain plasticity since 2000, selected PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, ProQuest databases were searched.
Results: At one glance, we may assume that speech and music processing are so different because they are processed in separate brain areas (speech in the left hemisphere and music in the right hemisphere). But the truth is something else. We use the same cognitional and comprehension features of cortical and sub-cortical pathways to process speech and music. Music training induces changes in the auditory system, which is not specific to music processing only, it also improved speech processing. Music training can be used for those children suffering from disease affecting speech processing.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Music processing
  • Speech processing
  • Auditory plasticity
  • Auditory-verbal memory
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دوره 6، شماره 4
آذر و دی 1396
صفحه 268-277
  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 دی 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1396