بررسی کیفیت زندگی و دردهای اسکلتی-عضلانی مراقبان کودکان فلج مغزی در مدارس جسمی-حرکتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، اراک، ایران

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت رفاه اجتماعی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

5 دانشیار، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، مرکز علوم بالینی، دانشگاه کویت، کویت

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
کودکان فلج مغزی، به دلیل محدودیت در انجام کارهای روزمره، در مدرسه نیاز به مراقب دارند. مراقبان مدارس جسمی-حرکتی، کارهای مراقبتی کودک را در زمان مدرسه انجام می­دهند. فراهم کردن این سطح از مراقبت، همراه با استرس­های فیزیکی، روحی و روانی است که می­تواند بر سلامت و در نتیجه کیفیت زندگی مراقبان تاثیرگذار باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی دردهای اسکلتی-عضلانی و کیفیت زندگی مراقبان کودکان فلج مغزی در مدارس جسمی-حرکتی بود.
مواد و روشها
در مطالعه توصیفی-مقطعی حاضر، مراقبان کودکان فلج مغزی شاغل در مدارس جسمی-حرکتی شهرهای تهران، اصفهان و کرج در صورت تمایل و بر اساس ملاک­های ورود به مطالعه وارد شدند. این افراد شامل 92 شرکت­کننده بودند. ابزارهای مورد استفاده، نسخه فارسی­شده پرسش­نامه کیفیت زندگی SF-36 و پرسش­نامه درد اسکلتی-عضلانی نوردیک و مقیاس آنالوگ بصری بود. تحلیل آماری داده­ها با استفاده از آزمون­های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون انجام شد.
یافتهها
میانگین کیفیت زندگی مراقبان در حیطه سلامت فیزیکی و روانی به ترتیب 81/58 و 01/59 بود. بیشترین شیوع درد و محدودیت عملکرد ناشی از آن در کمر و زانو بود و بیشترین شدت درد در شانه، گردن، پشت و کمر دیده شد. درد اسکلتی-عضلانی و کیفیت زندگی همبستگی معناداری داشتند (001/0, P=523/0=r). همچنین مدت اشتغال، بیمه، ساعات کاری، درآمد و تعدد وظایف شغلی با دردهای بدنی رابطه معناداری داشت (05/0P<).
نتیجه­ گیری
مراقبت دائم از تعداد زیاد کودکان فلج مغزی و انجام کارهای سنگین و تکراری مراقبتی، باعث کاهش کیفیت زندگی و ایجاد دردهای بدنی در مراقبان مدارس جسمی-حرکتی می­شود. پیشنهاد می­شود با ایجاد حمایت­های بیشتر و آموزش اصول مراقبتی پیش از استخدام مراقبان، به پیشگیری از بروز دردهای بدنی آنها کمک شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Quality of Life and Musculoskeletal Pain of Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy at Physical Disability Schools

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Shojaei 1
  • Nazila Akbarfahimi 2
  • Hamid Dalvand 3
  • Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni 4
  • Mehdi Rassafiani 5
1 MSc of Occupational Therapy, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Children with Cerebral palsy need for caring at school because of their inability to perform daily occupations. The caregivers at physical disability schools provide care support for these children at school time. The caring is accompanied by physical and psychological tension and may affect the caregivers’ health and therefore quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the musculoskeletal pain and quality of life of caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy at physical disability schools.
Materials and Methods:In the present cross-sectional study, caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in Tehran, Isfahan, and Karaj who were willing to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Finally, 92 participants took part in the study. The evaluations were done using the Persian version of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and Visual Analog Scale. The statistical analyses of data were done using exploratory factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient tests.
Results: The results indicated that the mean score for the study sample on physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were 58.81 and 59.01, respectively. The greatest amount of pain and functional limitations were found in the lower back and knees, and the highest intensity of pain were found in the shoulders, neck, as well as upper and lower back. There were also a significant correlation between musculoskeletal pain and quality of life (r=0/523, P=0.001). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between work experience, insurance, working hours, income as well as Multiple job and physical pain (P<0/05).
Conclusion: Permanent caring for many children with cerebral palsy and doing the heavy and repetitive caring tasks not only reduce the quality of life but also cause physical pain in the caregivers of children with cerebral palsy at physical disability schools. It is suggested that more support and pre-employment trainings about the principles of caring be provided to prevent physical pain in caregivers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Caregiver
  • Cerebral palsy
  • Musculoskeletal pain
  • Quality of life
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دوره 7، شماره 3
مهر و آبان 1397
صفحه 96-104
  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1397