بررسی تاثیر جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات بر بازشناسی همخوان‌های انفجاری و سایشی فارسی در حضور نویز همهمه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کمیته پژوهشی دانشجویی، کارشناس ارشد شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه شنوایی‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 مربی، گروه شنوایی‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد آمار زیستی، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
توانایی برقراری ارتباط موثر کلامی با دیگران دارای اهمیت بوده و در حفظ کیفیت زندگی تاثیر دارد. اختلال درک گفتار در حضور نویز یکی از شکایات رایج افراد در تمامی سنین می‌باشد. توانایی پردازش شنیداری مرکزی و قابلیت­های شناختی در بازشناسی گفتار در نویز موثر هستند. مطالعات موجود نشان می‌دهد که جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات بر مهارت‌های شناختی و پردازشی تاثیرگذار است. از این‌رو مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تاثیر جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات بر یکی از جنبه­های شناخت یعنی توانایی بازشناسی همخوان‌های انفجاری و سایشی فارسی در حضور نویز همهمه پرداخت.
مواد و روش­ ها
مطالعه حاضر از نوع مشاهده‌ای و به روش مقطعی بر روی 60 فرد بالغ با شنوایی هنجار (31 فرد دارای سطح تحصیلات دیپلم، 21 فرد دارای سطح تحصیلات لیسانس و 8 فرد دارای سطح تحصیلات بالاتر از لیسانس) در محدوده سنی 30 تا 49 سال (شامل 31 مرد و 29 زن)،  از بین نمونه‌های در دسترس انجام شد. پس از انجام ارزیابی‌های شنوایی و گفتاری، بازشناسی همخوان‌های انفجاری و سایشی در قالب هجاهای همخوان-واکه-همخوان و در حضور نویز همهمه در نسبت‌های سیگنال به نویز صفر، 5-، 10- به تفکیک جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت.
یافته ­ها
با افزایش میزان نویز میانگین امتیاز بازشناسی همخوان‌های انفجاری و سایشی در زنان و مردان و افراد دارای سطح تحصیلات متفاوت کاهش یافت که از لحاظ آماری معنا‌دار بود (001/0=P).
نتیجه ­گیری
مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات تاثیری بر توانایی بازشناسی گفتار در حضور نویز همهمه ندارند، لیکن افزایش نویز سبب کاهش امتیاز بازشناسی همخوان‌های انفجاری و سایشی در حضور نویز همهمه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Sex and Educational Level on the Recognition of Persian Stop and Fricative Consonants in Babble Noise

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Sharafi 1
  • Ali Mohammadzadeh 2
  • Marzieh Sharifian 3
  • Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaee 4
1 Student Research Committee, MSc of Audiology. School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Instructor of Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 MSc in Biostatistics, Basic Sciences Department, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: The ability to communicate verbally with others is important and has an impact on maintaining quality of life. Disturbance in speech perception in the presence of noise is a common complaint to specialists of all ages. Central auditory processing and cognitive ability are effective in speech recognition in noise. Previous studies showed that gender and education have an impact on cognitive and processing skills. Therefore, the present study examined the effect of gender and educational level on the ability to recognize the Persian stop and fricative consonants in the presence of babble noise.
Materials and Methods: The present observational and cross-sectional study was performed on 31 males and 29 females with normal hearing (31 with diploma, 21 with bachelor, and 8 with higher than bachelor educational level), aged 30-49 years, selected from available samples. After auditory and speech evaluations, recognition of stop and fricative consonants in the form of consonant-vowel-consonant syllable and in the presence of noise in signal-to-noise ratios of 0, -5, and -10 were compared.
Results: Comparison of two age groups revealed that the recognition score of fricative consonants was significant in signal-to-noise ratios of 0, -5, and -10 (p= 0.003). Also, there was a significant difference between the two age groups in terms of the recognition score of fricative consonants in the presence of some vowels in signal-to-noise ratios of 0, -5, and -10 (p= 0.001).
Conclusion: The present study showed that gender and educational level have no effect on the ability to recognize speech in the presence of babble noise; however, noise exposure reduced the recognition score of stop and fricative consonants in the presence of babble noise.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sex
  • Educational level
  • Stop consonant
  • Fricative consonant
  • Speech recognition
  • Babble noise

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فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1398

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