مقایسه تأثیر تمرینات موضعی، پروکسیمال و دیستال زانو بر درد، عملکرد و تعادل پویا در ورزشکاران مبتلا به سندروم درد پاتلوفمورال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، گیلان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، گیلان، ایران

3 استاد، گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، گیلان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
سندروم درد پاتلوفمورال یک عارضه­ی رایج عضلانی-اسکلتی است. تمرینات چهارسر به عنوان تمرینات استاندارد در توانبخشی سندروم درد پاتلوفمورال استفاده می­شود، اما علاوه بر ضعف عضلات چهارسر، ضعف و کوتاهی عضلات پروکسیمال و دیستال زانو در بروز این سندروم مؤثر است. هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثر دو نوع تمرین پروکسیمال و دیستال زانو بر عملکرد، تعادل پویا و درد ورزشکاران مبتلا به این سندروم است.
مواد و روش ­ها
35 ورزشکار مبتلا به سندروم درد پاتلوفمورال که توسط پزشک متخصص تشخیص داده شده بودند با میانگین سن 3/35±25/5 سال، به صورت داوطلبانه در تحقیق، حاضر شدند و به طور تصادفی هدفدار در سه گروه تمرینی پروکسیمال، مشتمل بر تمرینات عضلات هیپ و زانو (12 نفر)، دیستال، مشتمل بر تمرینات عضلات مچ پا و زانو (11 نفر) و کنترل، مشتمل بر صرفا تمرینات عضلات موضعی زانو (12 نفر) تقسیم شدند. تمرینات به مدت 8 هفته اجرا شد. برای بررسی عملکرد، تعادل پویا و شدت درد بیماران به ترتیب از پرسشنامه WOMAC، تست Y و مقیاس بصری استفاده شد.
یافته­ ها
در ویژگی­های آنتروپومتریک، درد و عملکرد قبل از اجرای مداخلات بین سه گروه تمرینی تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (0/05<P). در هر سه گروه تمرینی درد، تعادل پویا و عملکرد در پس­آزمون در مقایسه با پیش­آزمون به میزان قابل توجهی بهبود یافت (0/001=p)، همچنین شدت درد در گروه پروکسیمال نسبت به دو گروه دیگر به صورت معناداری کاهش یافت (0/016=p).
نتیجه­ گیری
بر اساس یافته ­های تحقیق هر سه نوع تمرین در کاهش درد، بهبود عملکرد و تعال پویای بیماران مؤثر است، اما تمرینات پروکسیمال تأثیر بیشتری در کاهش درد آن­ها دارد؛ بنابراین پیشنهاد می­شود از تمرینات ترکیبی هیپ و زانو در توانبخشی بیماران مبتلا به سندروم درد پاتلوفمورال استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effects of Knee Local, Proximal, and Distal Training on Knee Pain, Function, and Dynamic Balance in Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Asadi 1
  • Seyyed Hossein Hosseini 2
  • Hasan Daneshmandi 3
1 MSc. in Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
2 PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
3 PhD. Professor, Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common musculoskeletal disorder. Quadriceps exercises are used as standard exercises for patellofemoral pain syndrome rehabilitation, but in addition to the weakness of quadriceps muscles, the weakness and shortness of the knee proximal and distal muscles are also effective in the incidence of this syndrome. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of knee local, proximal, and distal training on performance, dynamic balance, and pain in athletes with this syndrome.
Materials and Methods: A total of 39 athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome, diagnosed by a specialist practitioner, with an average age of 25.5 ± 3.35 years, were voluntarily included in the study and were randomly assigned to three groups of proximal, including hip and knee muscles exercises (n=12), distal, including ankle and knee muscles exercises (n=11), and and control, including only knee muscles local exercises (n=12). Training was performed for 8 weeks. To evaluate the patients’ performance, dynamic balance, and pain severity, the WOMAC questionnaire, Y test, and visual analogue scale were used, respectively.
Results: The results showed that in anthropometric characteristics, pain and function before intervention, there were not any significant differences between three experimental groups. In all the three groups, the pain, dynamic balance and performance in post-test were significantly improved compared with pretest (P = 0.001). Also, there was a significant difference in pain intensity between the proximal group and those of the other two groups (P = 0.016).
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, all three types of exercises are effective in reducing pain and improving performance and dynamic balance of patients, but the proximal exercises have a greater effect on reducing pain in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Therefore, it is suggested that the combined hip and knee exercises be used in rehabilitation of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Proximal exercise
  • Distal exercise
  • Dynamic balance
  • Athletes
  • Patellofemoral pain syndrome

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 9، شماره 2
تیر 1399
صفحه 219-227

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1399

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