بررسی تاثیر 10 هفته تمرینات اصلاحی بر موقعیت قرارگیری استخوان کتف و عملکرد کشتی‌گیران نخبه با اختلال تنه و کمربند شانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم ورزشی، پردیس بین المللی کیش، دانشگاه تهران، کیش، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم ورزشی، پردیس بین المللی کیش، دانشگاه تهران، کیش، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
تغییر موقعیت طبیعی کتف در کشتی­ گیران می­تواند بر راستای ستون مهره­ ها و شانه آنها و مجموعه این تغییرات روی عملکرد کشتی­ گیران تاثیرگذار باشد. با این وجود، شواهد علمی معتبر در زمینه میزان اثربخشی مطلوب تمرینات در وضعیت قرارگیری کتف و عملکرد کشتی­ گیران اندک است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی تاثیر 10 هفته تمرینات اصلاحی بر موقعیت قرارگیری استخوان کتف و عملکرد کشتی­ گیران نخبه با اختلال تنه و کمربند شانه بود.
مواد و روش­ ها
جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر را کشتی ­گیران مرد نخبه 27-18 سال در استان مازندران تشکیل دادند. از این بین، 34 کشتی­ گیر با زاویه­ ی شانه­ به­ جلوی بزرگتر از 55 درجه و کایفوز افزایش­یافته بزرگتر از 45 درجه به­ صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند و در قالب 2 گروه کنترل (با میانگین سنی 3/27±21/35سال، قد 0/87±1/76 متر، وزن 13/00±78/94 کیلوگرم) و گروه تمرینی (با میانگین سنی 2/11±20/29سال، قد 0/80±1/72 متر، وزن 16/70±71/11 کیلوگرم) به­ صورت تصادفی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. میزان زاویه کایفوز افزایش­ یافته سینه ­ای با استفاده از خط­ کش منعطف و میزان زاویه عارضه شانه­ به­ جلو با روش فتوگرامتری به­عنوان شاخصی از اختلال تنه و کمربند شانه­ ای اندازه­ گیری شد. همچنین وضعیت قرارگیری استخوان کتف و عملکرد کشتی­ گیران به­ ترتیب با استفاده از آزمون حرکت جانبی کتف (LSST) و آزمون عمل YBT-UQ اندازه­ گیری شد. گروه تمرینات اصلاحی یک برنامه تمرینی استاندارد را به مدت 10 هفته انجام دادند، درحالی­که گروه کنترل به فعالیت­ های روزانه خود پرداختند. برای تجزیه­ و­ تحلیل داده­ ها از آزمون­ های تحلیل کوواریانس و نیز آزمون تی همبسته در سطح معناداری 0/05 استفاده شد.
یافته ­ها
نتایج نشان داد برنامه تمرینی اصلاحی اثر معناداری بر بهبود موقعیت کتف در وضعیت­ های صفر درجه (0/001=p)، 45 درجه (0/001=p) و 90 درجه (0/001=p) حرکت جانبی، زاویه شانه­ به ­جلو (0/001=p)، زاویه کایفوز (0/001=p) و نیز عملکرد کشتی­ گیران (0010=p) داشت.
نتیجه­ گیری
با توجه به نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر به نظر می­رسد تمرینات اصلاحی هدفمند می­تواند با بهبود موقعیت قرارگیری استخوان کتف در کشتی­ گیران دارای اختلالات تنه و کمربند شانه­ ای بر عملکرد آنان نیز اثر مثبت داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Ten Weeks of Corrective Exercises on Scapular Position and Performance of Elite Wrestlers with Trunk and Shoulder Gridle Deformity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Toraj Yoosefi 1
  • Foad Seidi 2
  • Mahdieh Akoochakian 3
1 Phd Student, Department of Sport Sciences, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
2 Faculty Member and Associate Professor, Sport Medicine and Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Science, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish,iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Changes in the natural sapular position in wrestlers can affect the spine and their shoulders alignment and the combination of these changes affects the wrestlers’ performance. However, there is little scientific evidence for the effectiveness of training in the scapular position of these atheletes’ performance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of 10 weeks of corrective exercises on scapular position and elite wrestlers performance with trunk and shoulder girdle disorders.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study included the elite male 18-27 year-old wrestlers in Mazandaran province. Totally, 34 wrestlers with  forward  shoulder greater than 55° and increased kyphosis greater than 45° were selected purposefully and divided into two control groups (age: 21.35±3.27 years, height: 1.76±0.87 cm, weight: 78/94±13.00 kg) and exercise group (age: 20.29±2.11 years, height: 1.72±0.80 cm, weight: 71/11±16.70 kg). Increased thoracic kyphosis angle was measured using a flexible ruler and forward shoulders angle was measured via photogrammetry as an indicator of trunk and shoulder girdle disorder. Also, scapular position and wrestling performance were measured using the LSST and YBU-UQ functional test, respectively. The experimental group performed a standard training program for 10 weeks; the control group performed their daily activities. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis and t-test at the significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results showed that the corrective exercise program had a significant effect on the improvement of scapular position in zero degree (p = 0.001), 45 degree (p = 0.001), and 90 degree (p = 0.001) lateral movements, forward shoulder angle (p = 0.001), kyphosis angle (p = 0.001), and performance of wrestlers (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, it seems that targeted corrective exercises can have a positive effect on their performance by improving the position of scapula in wrestlers with trunk and shoulder girdle disorders. Improved scapular position can be effective in improving the performance of wrestlers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deformity
  • Wrestler؛ Scapular position؛ Performance؛ Corrective exercise

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 9، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 246-256

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 اسفند 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1399

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