نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم ورزشی رفتاری و شناختی، دانشکده علوم ورزش و بهداشت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 گروه علوم ورزشی رفتاری و شناختی، دانشکده ورزش و علوم بهداشتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Aims: The inability of individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to maintain attention for physical activities in schools has resulted in hyperactive children missing out on the most available school-level intervention; whereas perceptual-motor training and physical activity programs improve cognitive performance in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of perceptual-motor training and physical education on cognitive performance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Materials and Methods: A total of 36 boys aged 10 to 12 years with ADHD were divided into three groups: a perceptual-motor exercises group, a physical activity group, and a control group: perceptual motor training, physical activity, and control groups. The experimental groups underwent 12 sessions over four weeks, with three 45-minute sessions per week. Participants completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale before and after the intervention. Paired t-tests and mixed ANOVA were used for within-group and between-group comparisons, respectively.
Results: The results of the paired t-test indicated significant improvements in perseverative errors, total errors, and numerical memory in both the perceptual-motor exercises group and the physical activity group from pre-test to post-test (p < 0.005). The mixed ANOVA results revealed significant differences among the three groups in all scores of perseverative errors (p < 0.0005), total errors (p < 0.005), and numerical memory (p < 0.005) at the post-test stage. Post-hoc analysis showed that the perceptual-motor exercises group achieved significantly better scores in perseverative errors (p < 0.005), total errors (p < 0.005), and numerical memory (p < 0.005) compared to the physical activity group.
Conclusion: Perceptual-motor exercises, which combine physical movements with cognitive tasks, help children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) enhance their brain's cognitive abilities. These exercises impact the prefrontal cortex of the brain, which is responsible for complex functions such as attention and memory.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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