The comparison of head, shoulder, and spine in veteran soccer and volleyball players and non-athletes

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 MSc in Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

3 PhD student, Adapted Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: Athletes of different sports require constant trainings and strengthening of certain muscles in order to achieve higher levels of performance and therefore must spend a lot of time in the dominant posture of that sport. As a result, depending on the dominant posture of each sport, athletes’ body and curves of the spine may be affected. The aim of the present study was to compare head, shoulder, and spine in veteran soccer and volleyball players and non-athletes.
Materials and Methods: In the present comparative study, the statistical population consisted of all 45-60 year-old veteran soccer and volleyball players in Guilan, from whom 90 were randomly selected (30 veteran soccer football players: mean age: 52/52±3/91 years, height: 168/73±6/63 cm, weight: 76/53±10/77kg, BMI: 26/79±4/65 kg/m2, and veteran volleyball players: mean age: 53±6/06years, height: 184/33±5/72cm, weight: 79/25±11/8, BMI: 23/4±6/23 kg/m2, and 30 non-athletes: mean age: 52/9±4/88, height: 167/36±17/01, weight: 84/93±20/86 kg, BMI: 30/45±7/34 kg/m2). The participants had a history of at least 15 years of playing and practicing their sports, and had also at least three weeks of regular practice at the time of the study. Paricipants’ photos were examined in sagittal and frontal planes for forward head, torticollis, uneven shoulder, and forward head posture (FHP). Then, kyphosis and lordosis angles were assessed using spinal mouse. One-way ANOVA and scheffe post hoc tests were run in SPSS to anlyze the data (version 21).
Results: Statistical analyses showed that soccer players had forward angles less than those of the volleyball players and non-athletes (P= 0/001). Round shoulder was significantly more in volleyball players compared with that in the other groups (P= 0/001). Unequality shoulder was also observed to be more in volleyball players (P<0/001). Moreove, kyphosis angle was seen to be lower in non-athletes and footballers (P<0/001). Lordosis, however, was found to be higher in soccer players (P= 0/001).
Conclusion: Data analysis showed that the forward head, uneven shoulder, round shoulder, and kyphosis and lordosis are significantly different among the three groups studied. However, no significant difference was found in torticollis between the two groups. Structural profile factors in athletes can be influenced by the type of sports they are engaged. Therefore, more attention to therapeutic exercises is necessary to correct and improve structural profiles in the athletes.

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References

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The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Volume 5, Issue 2
July and August 2016
Pages 173-183

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History

  • Receive Date: 09 August 2015
  • Revise Date: 24 September 2015
  • Accept Date: 30 October 2015
  • First Publish Date: 21 June 2016

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