Effectiveness of Teaching the Self-Regulatory Strategies of Motivation and Communication Skills on the Academic Stress of Tabriz Talented Students

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 Department of Educational Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: Evidence shows that most of the learning disabilities are rooted in stress. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of teaching self-regulation strategies of motivation and communication skills on academic stress of Tabriz talented female students.
Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. The research participants consisted of 90 female high school third grade students from regions 1 and 4 of Tabriz in 2016-2017 who were selected using cluster random sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The first group received a training course on motivational self-regulation strategies in 10 sessions and the second group trained 10 sessions of communication skills training, and the third group (control group) continued regular classroom programs. Cohen and Frazer Educational Stress Questionnaire was used as the instrument.
Results: Data analysis, using single-variable covariance, showed that self-regulation strategies motivation and communication skills had different effects on academic stress and communication skills were more effective in reducing academic stress.
Conclusion: Effectiveness of communication skills to reduce stress versus self-regulation strategies of motivation is obvious in controlling the sources of academic stress. Therefore, by performing communication skills techniques, practically, the negative effects of stressors can be reduced.

Keywords

Main Subjects


1.Kord B, Babakhani A. The Role of Self-Compassion and Mindfulness in predicting the female students' academic stress. J Educ Psychol Stud. 2016;13(24):109-26. [In persian].##
2.Nikanjam R, Barati M, Bashirian S, Babamiri M, Fattahi A, Soltanian A. Student-Life Stress Level  and its Related Factors among Medical Students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2015. J  Educ & Community Health. 2016;2(4):57-64. [In persian]. ##
3.Akgun S, Ciarrochi J. Learned resourcefulness moderates the relationship between academic stress and academic performance. Educ Psychol. 2003;23(3):287-94. ##
4.Eremsoy CE, Çelimli Ş, Gençöz T. Students under academic stress in a Turkish University: Variables associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Curr psychol. 2005;24(2):123-33. ##
5.Felsten G, Wilcox K. Influences of stress and situation-specific mastery beliefs and satisfaction with social support on well-being and academic performance. Psychol Reports. 1992;70(1):291-303. ##
6.Struthers CW, Perry RP, Menec VH. An examination of the relationship among academic stress, coping, motivation, and performance in college. Res High Educ. 2000;41(5):581-92. ##
7.Bragard I, Etienne A-M, Merckaert I, Libert Y, Razavi D. Efficacy of a communication and stress management training on medical residents’ self-efficacy, stress to communicate and burnout: a randomized controlled study. J Health Psychol. 2010;15(7):1075-81. ##
8.Aleven V, Mclaren B, Roll I, Koedinger K. Toward meta-cognitive tutoring: A model of help seeking with a Cognitive Tutor. Int  J  Artif  Intell  Educ. 2006;16(2):101-28. ##
9.Bandura A. Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52(1):1-26. ##
10.Rostami F, Aliabadi V. Academic Motivation Achievement among Agricultural Students based on Cognitive and Meta Cognitive Strategies. J  Agric Educ Admin Res. 2014;6(30):67-76. [In persian] ##
11.Schunk DH. Self-efficacy and achievement behaviors. Educ Psychol Rev. 1989;1(3):173-208. ##
12.Pintrich PR. A conceptual framework for assessing motivation and self-regulated learning in college students. Educ Psychol Rev. 2004;16(4):385-407. ##
13.Zimmerman B. Commentary: toward a cyclically interactive view of selfregulated learning. Educ Res. 1999;31(545):551. ##
14.Bayrami N. Comparison of the effectiveness of self-regulating motivation training strategies and helping strategies to improve the symptoms of academic stress, performance and academic motivation by modifying documentary styles in students. University of Tabriz: University of Tabriz; 2016. [In persian]. ##
15.Kohn JP, Frazer GH. An academic stress scale: Identification and rated importance of academic stressors. Psychol Reports. 1986;59(2):415-26. ##
16.Davidson K. Validation of academic stress scale. J Ed Psych. 2009;19:191-203. ##
17.Berkman D. Validity relaiblity of academic stress scale. J Edu Psych. 2002;91:189-796. ##
18.Bandura A. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman; 2001. ##
19.Pajares F, Schunk DH. Self-beliefs and school success: Self-efficacy, self-concept, and school achievement. Percep. 2001;11:239-66. ##
20.Schunk DH. Self-efficacy and academic motivation. Educ Psychol. 1991;26(3-4):207-31. ##
21.Zimmerman DJ. Peer effects in academic outcomes: Evidence from a natural experiment. Rev  Econ Stat. 2003;85(1):9-23. ##
22.Bylund CL, Brown RF, di Ciccone BL, Levin TT, Gueguen JA, Hill C, et al. Training faculty to facilitate communication skills training: development and evaluation of a workshop. Patient Educ Couns. 2008;70(3):430-6. ##
23.Ahmadi M, Hatam H, Ahadi H, Assadzadeh H. A Study of the Effect of Communication Skills  Training on the Female Students’ Self-efficacy and Achievement. Sci J Manag System. 2014;4(16):105-18. [In persian]. ##
24.Habibi Kalibar R, Farid A, Khosroshahi J. The effect of self-regulatory strategies on perceivedency and Academic Stress of High School Students.  The First National conference on advanced research in psychology; Ahvaz: Islamic Azad University, Shadegan Branch; 2016. [In persian]. ##
25.Thampson S. Psychological index of academic self-efficacy scale. J Instruct Edu Res. 2007;7:81-99##.
26.Boekaerts M, Niemivirta M. Chapter 13 - Self-Regulated Learning: Finding a Balance between Learning Goals and Ego-Protective Goals.  Handbook of Self-Regulation. San Diego: Academic Press; 2000. p. 417-50. ##
27.Mohammadi Darvish Baghal N, Hatami HR, Asadzadeh H, Ahadi H. The effect of selfregulation strategies (cognitive and metacognitive) on the motivational beliefs (academic motivation, self-efficacy, test anxiety) high school students. J  Educ Psychol. 2013;9(27):50-66. [In persian]. ##
28.Hayes SC, Strosahl KD, Wilson KG. Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. Guilford Press; 1999. ##
29.Montague M. Self-regulation strategies to improve mathematical problem solving for students with learning disabilities. Learn Disabil Q. 2008;31(1):37-44. ##
30.Phillips DA, Shonkoff JP. From neurons to neighborhoods: The science of early childhood development.National Academies Press; 2000. ##
31.Lakes KD, Hoyt WT. Promoting self-regulation through school-based martial arts training. J Appl Dev Psychol. 2004;25(3):283-302. ##
32.Berger A, Kofman O, Livneh U, Henik A. Multidisciplinary perspectives on attention and the development of self-regulation. Prog Neurobiol. 2007;82(5):256-86. ##
33.Spalding CL. Motivation in the classroom. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2006. ##
34.Saka M, Surmeli H. Examination of relationship between preservice science teachers’ sense of efficacy and communication skills. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2010;2(2):4722-7. ##
35.Zachariae R, Pedersen CG, Jensen AB, Ehrnrooth E, Rossen PB, von der Maase H. Association of perceived physician communication style with patient satisfaction, distress, cancer-related self-efficacy, and perceived control over the disease. Br J Cancer. 2003;88(5):658-65. ##
36.Nwogu SA. Language barrier to education. J Teach. 2007;12(1):62-71. ##
37.Ammentorp J, Sabroe S, Kofoed P-E, Mainz J. The effect of training in communication skills on medical doctors’ and nurses’ self-efficacy: A randomized controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2007;66(3):270-7. ##
38.Tiuraniemi J, Läärä R, Kyrö T, Lindeman S. Medical and psychology students’ self-assessed communication skills: A pilot study. Patient Educ Couns. 2011;83(2):152-7.
39.Khodadadi E, Ebrahimi H, Moghaddasian S, Babapour J. The effect of communication skills training on quality of care, self-efficacy, job satisfaction and communication skills rate of nurses in hospitals of Tabriz, Iran. J Caring Sci. 2013;2(1):27. [In persian]. ##
40.Hall JA, Coats EJ, LeBeau LS. Nonverbal behavior and the vertical dimension of social relations: a meta-analysis. American Psychological Association; 2005. ##
41.Antle B, Sar B, Christensen D, Karam E, Ellers F, Barbee A, et al. The impact of the within my reach relationship training on relationship skills and outcomes for low‐income individuals. J Marital Fam Ther. 2013;39(3):346-57. ##
42.Koblinsky SA, Gordon AL, Anderson EA. Changes in the social skills and behavior problems of homeless and housed children during the preschool year. Early Educ Dev. 2000;11(3):321-38. ##
Volume 7, Issue 4
January and February 2019
Pages 21-29
  • Receive Date: 19 November 2017
  • Revise Date: 10 February 2018
  • Accept Date: 27 February 2018
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2018