Glaucoma and Psychiatric Disorders

Document Type : Review Article

Author

Associate Professor, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: Glaucoma is one of the most common chronic eye diseases that can potentially result in bilateral blindness, and may also be related to psychological disturbances. The purpose of the present study was evaluation of the relationship between glaucoma and psychiatric disorders.
Materials and Methods: In the current article,we reviewed the available articles on psychiatry disorders in patients with glaucoma based on specialized databases and identified articles based on their abstracts and full-texts.
Results: Evaluation of available articles revealed that patients with glaucoma often have coexisting psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. The prevalence of anxiety and depression in glaucoma patients in different countries is approximately between 13-33% and 10-57%m respectively. Also, the association between Alzheimer's disease and chronic glaucoma is heterogeneous. It should be noted that the differences in results may be attributed to study design sand sample sizes. In connection with personality traits in glaucoma patients, immature defense style, perfectionistic pattern, neuroticism, hypochondriacal tendencies, irritability, and type A behavioral pattern are reported, as well.
Conclusion: According to the results,in chronic diseases such as glaucoma, psychological factors are closely related to medical guidelines. These factors include memory deficit, depression, anxiety, personality type, and side effects of the drugs. Increased use of immature defense mechanisms, and accompanying depression and anxiety have been associated with decreased quality of life in these patients. The existence of type A behavioral pattern with high neuroticism can provide vulnerability to glaucoma.

Keywords

Main Subjects

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The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Volume 8, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
April 2019
Pages 250-257

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History

  • Receive Date: 10 September 2018
  • Revise Date: 25 January 2019
  • Accept Date: 06 February 2019
  • First Publish Date: 21 March 2019

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