Investigating the Effects of Long-Term Use of Motion Control Shoes on the Frequency Spectrum of Ground Reaction Force during Running in the Runners with Pronated Feet

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Sport physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

4 Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aims: Various factors can affect athletes’ performance one of which is over pronation of the foot. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of long-term use of motion control shoes on the frequency spectrum of ground reaction force during running in runners with pronated feet.
Materials and Methods: The current study was a semi-experimental and laboratory investigation. The sample consisted of 30 male runners with pronated foot who were divided into experimental and control groups. The Bertec force plate was used to record ground reaction forces. Control group used normal shoes (Supernova control, Adidas) and experimental group used the motion control shoes (Supernovacushion, Adidas) during five months in their training sessions. Non-parametric Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis at the significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results of the experimental group showed that the frequency component with a power of 99.5% in vertical direction during the post-test compared with the pre-test was significantly decreased (P=0.023). In the medio-latral direction, the frequency band component during the post-test showed a significant increase compared to the pre-test (P=0.041).Other components of the frequency spectrum of ground reaction forces have no significant difference in the experimental group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Regarding the results, it can be argued that long-term use of motion control shoes can help maintain lower limb stability and balance in runners, as well as improve performance in them. Also, the frequency band showed a significant increase, which increased the pain in motor components and connective tissues, and this increase could be due to the increase in using these components in motion. Therefore, it can be described as a negative effect on the long-term use of motion control shoes.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

1. Jafarnezhadgero AA, Shad MM, Majlesi M, Granacher U. A comparison of running kinetics in children with and without genu varus. 2017.##
2. Cheung RT, Ng GY. Efficacy of motion control shoes for reducing excessive rearfoot motion in fatigued runners. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2007;8(2):75-81. ##
3. Cheung RT, Ng GY, Chen BF. Association of footwear with patellofemoral pain syndrome in runners. Sports Medicine. 2006;36(3):199-205. ##
4. Farahpour N, Jafarnezhadgero A, Allard P, Majlesi M. Muscle activity and kinetics of lower limbs during walking in pronated feet individuals with and without low back pain. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2018;39:35-41. ##
5. Ferraz RMP, van den Tillaar R, Pereira A, Marques MC. The effect of fatigue and duration knowledge of exercise on kicking performance in soccer players. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2016. ##
6. Prentice WE. Rehabilitation techniques in sports medicine: WCB/McGraw-Hill Dubuque, IA, USA; 1999. ##
7. Lee H. The Effects of Fatigue on Biomechanics of Soccer Shooting. 2018. ##
8. Weir G, Jewell C, Wyatt H, Trudeau MB, Rohr E, Brüggemann G-P, et al. The influence of prolonged running and footwear on lower extremity biomechanics. Footwear Science. 2018:1-11. ##
9. Miller RH, Lowry JL, Meardon SA, Gillette JC. Lower extremity mechanics of iliotibial band syndrome during an exhaustive run. Gait & posture. 2007;26(3):407-13. ##
10. Stacoff A, Reinschmidt C, Nigg B, van den Bogert AJ, Lundberg A, Denoth J, et al. Effects of foot orthoses on skeletal motion during running. Clinical Biomechanics. 2000;15(1):54-64. ##
11. Lilley K, Stiles V, Dixon S. The influence of motion control shoes on the running gait of mature and young females. Gait & posture. 2013;37(3):331-5.12. ##
12.  Lepers R, Pousson M, Maffiuletti N, Martin A, Van Hoecke J. The effects of a prolonged running exercise on strength characteristics. International journal of sports medicine. 2000;21(04):275-80. ##
13. Derrick TR, Dereu D, Mclean SP. Impacts and kinematic adjustments during an exhaustive run. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2002;34(6):998-1002. ##
14. Hunt MA, Birmingham TB, Giffin JR, Jenkyn TR. Associations among knee adduction moment, frontal plane ground reaction force, and lever arm during walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Journal of biomechanics. 2006;39(12):2213-20. ##
15. Cheung RT, Rainbow MJ. Landing pattern and vertical loading rates during first attempt of barefoot running in habitual shod runners. Human movement science. 2014;34:120-7. ##
16. Mohammadi V, Letafatkar A, Sadeghi H, Jafarnezhadgero A, Hilfiker R. The effect of motor control training on kinetics variables of patients with non-specific low back pain and movement control impairment: Prospective observational study. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2017;21(4):109-16. ##
17. Lange B, Chipchase L, Evans A. The effect of low-Dye taping on plantar pressures, during gait, in subjects with navicular drop exceeding 10 mm. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2004;34(4):201-9. ##
18. Aylar MF, Jafarnezhadgero AA, Esker FS. Sit-to-stand ground reaction force characteristics in blind and sighted female children. Gait & posture. 2018;62:34-40. ##
19. Association, WM. (2004). " Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects," Declaration of Helsinki. http://www.wma net/e/policy/b3 htm. ##
20. Brody D. Techniques in the evaluation and treatment of the injured runner. The orthopedic clinics of north America. 1982;13(3):541-58. ##
21. Willwacher S, Goetze I, Fischer KM, Brüggemann G-P. The free moment in running and its relation to joint loading and injury risk. Footwear Science. 2016;8(1):1-11. ##
22. Farahpour N, Jafarnezhad A, Damavandi M, Bakhtiari A, Allard P. Gait ground reaction force characteristics of low back pain patients with pronated foot and able-bodied individuals with and without foot pronation. Journal of biomechanics. 2016;49(9):1705-10. ##
23. Winter DA. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement: John Wiley & Sons; 2009. ##
24. White R, Agouris I, Fletcher E. Harmonic analysis of force platform data in normal and cerebral palsy gait. Clinical Biomechanics. 2005;20(5):508-16. ##
25. Wurdeman SR, Huisinga JM, Filipi M, Stergiou N. Multiple sclerosis affects the frequency content in the vertical ground reaction forces during walking. Clinical Biomechanics. 2011;26(2):207-12. ##
26. McGrath D, Judkins TN, Pipinos II, Johanning JM, Myers SA. Peripheral arterial disease affects the frequency response of ground reaction forces during walking. Clinical Biomechanics. 2012;27(10):1058-63. ##
27. Judkins TN, Oleynikov D, Narazaki K, Stergiou N. Robotic surgery and training: electromyographic correlates of robotic laparoscopic training. Surgical Endoscopy And Other Interventional Techniques. 2006;20(5):824-9. ##
28. Alavi-Mehr SM, Jafarnezhadgero A, Salari-Esker F, Zago M. Acute effect of foot orthoses on frequency domain of ground reaction forces in male children with flexible flatfeet during walking. The Foot. 2018;37:77-84. ##
29. Schneider E, Chao E. Fourier analysis of ground reaction forces in normals and patients with knee joint disease. Journal of biomechanics. 1983;16(8):591-601. ##
30. Cohen J. A power primer. Psychological bulletin. 1992;112(1):155. ##
31. Rose A, Birch I, Kuisma R. Effect of motion control running shoes compared with neutral shoes on tibial rotation during running. Physiotherapy. 2011;97(3):250-5. ##
32. Yates B, White S. The incidence and risk factors in the development of medial tibial stress syndrome among naval recruits. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(3):772-80. ##
33. Malisoux L, Chambon N, Delattre N, Gueguen N, Urhausen A, Theisen D. Injury risk in runners using standard or motion control shoes: a randomised controlled trial with participant and assessor blinding. Br J Sports Med. 2016:bjsports-2015-095031. ##
34. Mehr SMA, Jafarnezhadgero A, Salari-Esker F, Zago M. Acute effect of foot orthoses on frequency domain of ground reaction forces in male children with flexible flat feet during walking. The Foot. 2018. ##
35. Kerrigan DC, Franz JR, Keenan GS, Dicharry J, Della Croce U, Wilder RP. The effect of running shoes on lower extremity joint torques. Pm&r. 2009;1(12):1058-63. ##
36. Shelburne KB, Torry MR, Steadman JR, Pandy MG. Effects of foot orthoses and valgus bracing on the knee adduction moment and medial joint load during gait. Clinical Biomechanics. 2008;23(6):814-21. ##
37. Crenshaw SJ, Pollo FE, Calton EF. Effects of lateral-wedged insoles on kinetics at the knee. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2000;375:185-92. ##
The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Volume 8, Issue 4
January 2020
Pages 123-131

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 21 January 2019
  • Revise Date: 20 March 2019
  • Accept Date: 19 May 2019
  • First Publish Date: 22 December 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics