The effect of developmental bottom-up approach (process-oriented) through perceptual-motor interventions on motor, cognitive and perceptual performance of children with mild intellectual disability

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 Kharazmi University of Tehran

2 Professor of the Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Sciences,, Faculty of Physical Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences,, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction and Aims: Intellectual disability is manifested through defects in cognitive, motor and perceptual skills as factors affecting learning and acquiring individual skills. It is important to try to improve these skills in these children. The aim of this study was to investigate the lasting effects of perceptual-motor process-oriented interventions with the Ramon and Johnston protocol on the motor, cognitive and perceptual performance of children with intellectual disability.

Materials and methods: In this semi-experimental research, 21 children with mild intellectual disability aged 7 to 12 years were selected according to the inclusion criteria and using the available sampling method, and were selected by a simple random method in an experimental group of 10 people (10 weeks of perceptual-motor intervention according to the Johnstone and Ramon protocol with repetition of two sessions per week) and a control group of 11 people (no intervention). participants were evaluated before the intervention and 2 months after the end of the intervention with Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd Edition, Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II, Working memory test of Wechsler intelligence scale for children fourth edition and Test of Visual Perception Skills Revised. Univariate covariance test was used for data analysis.

Results: The results of the research showed a significant difference between general motor performance, aiming and Catching, correct answer in the attention test, visual sequential memory and visual figure-ground in the delayed post-test stage between the intervention and control groups (P<0.05) and no significant difference was seen in other sub-tests (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Bottom-up approach interventions through Ramon and Johnston comprehensive perceptual-motor training in children with mild intellectual disability can significantly help to improve general and ball motor skills, sustained attention, as well as visual sequential memory and visual figure-ground.

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The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 14 September 2022

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 August 2022
  • Revise Date: 11 September 2022
  • Accept Date: 14 September 2022
  • First Publish Date: 14 September 2022

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