Document Type : Original article
Authors
1
Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
2
Professor, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22037/sjrm.2025.117456.3404
Abstract
Background: Myopia is a growing global health concern, with its prevalence increasing significantly over recent decades. Understanding the environmental factors contributing to its progression is critical for developing effective interventions to mitigate its impact, particularly in urban settings like Tehran, where myopia prevalence is rising
Aims: to Investigate the role of environmental factors on myopia progression in 12 to 20-year-old myopes in Tehran.
Material and Methods: in this study, 200 individuals aged 12 to 20 with previous history of myopia participated. They were divided into two groups (with and without myopia progression). Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent ≤-0.50, and a myopic shift of at least 0.50 D per year, was considered as myopia progression. A questionnaire was completed by the participants regarding different environmental factors.
Results: Out of 200 participants (118 females and 82 males), 57 had no myopia progression and were placed in group 1, while 143 with myopia progression were placed in group 2. Lower BMI (P =0 .02), OR= 0.906 summer and autumn season births (P =0 .003, OR = 4.47 and P = 0.01, OR = 4.17 respectively), less sleep duration (P = 0.03, OR = 5.67 for sleeping less than 6 hours and P =0.02, OR = 3.92 for sleeping between 6 and 8 hours) and short reading distance (P = 0.03 in bivariate analysis) showed a significant association with myopia progression. The duration of study (P = 0.70) and the duration of outdoor activities (P = 0.90) were not associated with myopia progression.
Conclusion: lower BMI, summer and autumn birth seasons, less than 6 hours of nighttime sleep have more odds of developing myopia progression
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