Effect of frequency filtering of face images on attention bias of children with autism and normal children

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 1. M.A in General Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2 2. Assisstant Professor, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

3 3. Neuro Psychology Professor, Psychology Departments, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: Visual information by a range of different frequencies transmitted and visual neurons are sensitive to different frequencies for processing this information. The present study was done for examine the difference of attention to filtered and non filtered images in children with autism and normal children.
 
Materials and Methods: In present cross sectional study, thirty children with autism and thirty normal children matched in age and sex compared in filtered stimuli of faces with dot probe task. Data was analysed with Repeated Measures ANOVA test and version 18 of spss.
 
Results: children with autism and normal children had significant difference in reaction time to filtered faces. Children with autism more attend to high frequency images than low frequency images in compare to normal children and they have lower reaction time than normal children.
 
Conclusion: Frequency filter visual information can lead to more attention in children with autism, and it could be considered children's education and therapeutic interventions.

Keywords

References

1.Gaigg SB,  Bowler DM. Differential fear conditioning in Asperger’s  syndrome: Implications for an amygdala theory of autism. Neuropsychologia 2007; 45: 2125–2134.
2.Gaigg SB, Bowler DM. Free recall and forgetting of emotionally  arousing words in autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychologia  2008; 46: 2336–2343.
3.Wit T, Falck-Ytter T, Hofsten C. Young children with Autism Spectrum  Disorder look differently at positive versus negative emotional faces. Res Autism Spectr Disord 2008; 2: 651–659.
4.Schultz RT, Gauthier I, Klin A, Fulbright RK, Anderson AW, Volkmar F, Skudlarski P, Lacadie C, Cohen DJ, Gore JC. Abnormal ventral  temporal cortical activity during face discrimination among individuals with autism and Asperger syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000; 57: 331–340.
5.Deruelle C, Rondan C, Salle-Collemiche X, Bastard-Rosset D, Da Fonseca D. Attention to low- and high-spatial frequencies in categorizing facial  identities, emotions and gender in children with autism. Brain Cog 2008; 66: 115–123.
6.Hughes H C, Nozawa G, Kitterle F. Global precedence, spatial  frequency channels, and the statistics of natural images. J Cogn Neurosci 1996; 8: 197–230.
7.Costen NP, Parker DM,  Craw I. Effects of high-pass and low-pass spatial filtering on face identification. Percept Psychophys 1994; 38: 602– 612.
8.Deruelle C, Rondan C, Tardif C,  Gepner B. Spatial frequency and face   processing in children with autism and Asperger syndrome. J Autism Dev Disord 2004; 34: 199–210.
9.Fiorentini A, Maffei L,  Sandini G. The role of higher spatial frequencies in face perception. Perception 1983; 12: 195–201.
10.Sergent J. The cerebral balance of power: Confrontation or cooperation?. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 1982; 8: 253–272.
11.Sergent J. Microgenesis in face perception. In H. D. Ellis MA. Jeeves F. Newcombe, & A. Young (Eds.), Aspects of face processing. Dordrecht:  MartinusNijhoff. 1986.
12.Tanaka JW,  Farah MJ. Parts and wholes in face recognition. Q J Exp Psychol 1993; 46: 225–245.
13.Schyns PG, Oliva A. (1999). Dr Angry and Mr Smile: When categorization  flexibly modifies the perception of faces in rapid visual presentations. Cognition 1999; 69: 243–265.
14.Awasthi B, Friedman J, Williams M. Processing of low spatial frequency faces at periphery in choice reaching tasks. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49: 2136–2141.
15.Awasthi B, Friedman J, Williams M. Faster, stronger, lateralized: Low  spatial frequency information supports face Processing.  Neuropsychologia 2011; 49: 3583– 3590.
16. Alorda C1, Serrano-Pedraza I, Campos-Bueno JJ, Sierra-Vázquez V, Montoya P.Low spatial frequency filtering modulates early brain processing of affective complex pictures. Neuropsychologia. 2007 Nov 5;45(14):3223-33.
17. Sergent J. The cerebral balance of power: Confrontation or cooperation?. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 1982; 8: 253–272.
18. Mac Leod C, Mathews A, Tata P. Attentional bias in emotional disorders. J Abnorm Psychol 1986; 95: 15-20.
19. Dehghani M,  Khatibi A , Pour Etemad HR. Construction and validation of pictorial dot probe task
using emotional faces as stimuli.  Journal of Behavioral Science  2009; 3(4): 265-270.[In Persian]                             
20.Kase chi M. Reliability and validity of the Persian version of the questionnaire for screening children with high-functioning autism. [Master's thesis Occupational Therapy]. Tehran: University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences; 1390.[In Persian]
21. Groth-Marnat G. Handbook of psychological assessment. Tehran: Sokhan Publisher; 1391.p. 385. [In Persian]
22. Shahim S. Normalization of  Wechsler intelligence scale for children in shiraz. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Shiraz 1370; 7(1): 123-153. [In Persian]
 
23.Goffaux V,  Rossion B. Faces are ‘‘spatial” – holistic face perception is supported by low spatial frequencies. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 2006; 32(4):1023–1039.
24.Goffaux V, Hault B, Michel C, Vuong Q C,  Rossion B. The respective role of low and high spatial frequencies in supporting configural and featural processing of faces. Perception 2005; 34(1): 77–86.
25.Deruelle C, Fagot J. Categorizing facial identities, emotions, and genders: Attention to high- and low-spatial frequencies by children and adults. J Exp Child Psychol 2005; 90: 172–184.
26. Ashwin C, Wheelwright S, Baron-Cohen S. (2006 ). Finding a face in the crowd: Testing the anger superiority effect in Asperger Syndrome. Brain Cog 2006;  61: 78–95.  
27.Iarocci G, Burack JA, Shore DI, Mottron L, Enns JT.  Global- local Visual Processing in High Functioning Children with Autism: Structural vs Implicit Task Biases. J Autism Dev Disord 2006; 36: 117-129.
28.Behrmanna M, Avidan G, Leonard G, Kimchi R, Lunac B, Humphreys K, Minshew N. Configural processing in autism and its relationship to face processing. Neuropsychologia 2006; 44: 110–129.
29.Gauthier I, Klaiman C, Schultz R. Face composite effects reveal abnormal face processing in Autism Spectrum Disorders. NIH Public Access  Author Manuscript 2009; 49: 470–478.
30.Katsyri J, Saalasti S, Tiippana K, Wendt L, Samsa M. Impaired recognition of facial emotions from low-spatial frequencies in Asperger  syndrome. Neuropsychologia 2008; 46: 1888–1897.
The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Volume 3, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
March and April 2014
Pages 23-31

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 27 April 2013
  • Revise Date: 05 October 2013
  • Accept Date: 11 December 2013
  • First Publish Date: 21 March 2014

Share

How to cite

Statistics