Effect of Age, Menopause, Diabetes, Drinking Fluids, and Regular Exercise on Urinary Incontinence in Obese Women based on Anthropometric Indices

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 MSc student of Physiotherapy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran, Tehran

2 MSc in Physiotherapy, PhD in Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 PhD in Physiotherapy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran, Tehran

Abstract

Background and Aims: Urinary incontinence is one of the most important pelvic floor disorders affecting the patients' quality of life. Although natural delivery and pregnancy are the most important risk factors, less attention is paid to the other involved factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the factors influencing urinary incontinence in women.
Materials and Methods: A total of 195 obese women (91 cases with urinary incontinence and 104 without UI) were studied in the age range of 25 to 65 years old. After obtaining their consent to participate in the project, completion of the questionnaires and measurement of anthropometric characteristics were performed. SPSS software (version 18, USA) and ANOVA, t-test, and chi-square test were used for Data analysis (α≥ 0.05).
Results: There was a significant relationship observed between the mean age, menopause, as well as regular exercise and urinary incontinence. The mean age was higher in the affected group, and regular weekly exercise reduced the incidence of urinary incontinence. In general, the mean of anthropometric indices (height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist to height ratio) was lower in participants with urinary incontinence
Conclusion: Contrary to the popular belief, in obese women with urinary incontinence, low anthropometric indices appear to increase the incidence of urinary incontinence and regular exercise can reduce the incidence of urinary incontinence.

Keywords

References

1. Dehghan Manshadi F, Ghanbari Z, Jabbari Z, Miri E. Urinary incontinence, its related disorders and risk factors in women. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research. 2013;11(2):53-63. [In Persian].##
2. Prudencio CB , Nava GTA, Cardoso MC, Marreto BR, Sousa EA, Valenti VE, Barbosa AMP. Evolution of female urinary continence after physical therapy and associated factors. International archives of medicine. 2014;7(1): 24. ##
3. Rett MT, Wardini ÉB, Santana JMd, Mendonça ACR, Alves AT, Saleme CS. Female urinary incontinence: quality of life comparison on reproductive age and postmenopausal period. Fisioterapia em Movimento. 2016;29(1):71-8. ##
4. Nojomi M, Baharvand P, Kashanian M. Validation of Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL) in Incontinent Women. Iran University of Medical Sciences 1998;16(63): 153-161 .[In Persian]. ##
5. Zhu L, Lang J, Liu C, Han S, Huang J, Li X. The epidemiological study of women with urinary incontinence and risk factors for stress urinary incontinence in China. Menopause. 2009;16(4):831-6. ##
6. Bradley CS, Erickson BA, Messersmith EE, Cameron AP, Lai HH, Kreder KJ, Yang CC,. Merion RM, Bavendam TG, Kirkali Z. Evidence for the Impact of Diet, Fluid Intake, Caffeine, Alcohol and Tobacco on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Systematic Review. J Urol. 2017 Nov;198(5):1010-1020 ##
7. Thyssen H, Clevin L, Olesen S, Lose G. Urinary incontinence in elite female athletes and dancers. International Urogynecology Journal. 2002;13(1):15-7. ##
8. Fritel X, Lachal L, Cassou B, Fauconnier A, Dargent‐Molina P. Mobility impairment is associated with urge but not stress urinary incontinence in community‐dwelling older women: results from the Ossébo study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2013;120(12):1566-74. ##
9. Mannella P, Palla G, Bellini M, Simoncini T. The female pelvic floor through midlife and aging. Maturitas. 2013;76(3):230-4. ##
10. Somi MH. Obesity and liver disease in women. 2014. Available at: http://congress.umsu.ac.ir/uploads/somi.pdf. Accessed may, 10, 2017. ##
11. Subak LL, Richter HE, Hunskaar S: Obesity and urinary incontinence. epidemiology and clinical research update. The Journal of urology. 2009;182(6): S2-S7. ##
12. Lawrence JM, Lukacz ES, Liu IA, Nager C.W, Luber KM. Pelvic Floor Disorders, Diabetes, and Obesity in Women Findings from the Kaiser Permanente Continence Associated Risk Epidemiology Study. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(10): 2536-3541. ##
13. Pomian A, Lisik W, Kosieradzki M, Barcz E. Obesity and pelvic floor disorders: A review of the literature. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research. 2016;22:1880. ##
14. Phelan S, Kanaya AM, Subak LL, Hogan PE, Espeland MA, Wing RR, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence in overweight and obese diabetic women. Diabetes care. 2009;32(8):1391-7. ##
15. Hunskaar S, Burgio K, Diokno A, Herzog AR, Hjälmås K, Lapitan MC. Epidemiology and natural history of urinary incontinence in women. Urology. 2003;62(4):16-23. ##
16. Wetle T, Scherr P, Branch LG, Resnick NM, Harris T, Evans D, et al. Difficulty with holding urine among older persons in a geographically defined community: prevalence and correlates. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1995;43(4):349-55. ##
17. Brown JS, Grady D, Ouslander JG, Herzog AR, Varner RE, Posner SF. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in postmenopausal women. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 1999;94(1):66-70. ##
18. Jackson RA, Vittinghoff E, Kanaya AM, Miles TP, Resnick HE, Kritchevsky SB, et al. Urinary incontinence in elderly women: findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2004;104(2):301-7. ##
19. Caylet N, Fabbro-Peray P, Marès P, Dauzat M, Prat-Pradal D, Corcos J. Prevalence and occurrence of stress urinary incontinence in elite women athletes. The Canadian journal of urology. 2006;13(4):3174-9. ##
20. Bø K, Borgen JS. Prevalence of stress and urge urinary incontinence in elite athletes and controls. Medicine and science in Sports and Exercise. 2001;33(11):1797-802. ##
21. Chapple CR. Multidisciplinary management of female pelvic floor disorders. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2006. ##
22. Vakili M, Shirzad E, Nabinejad M: Comparative study of obesity in fertile and infertile women Yazd in 1385. Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility. 2011;14(2):7-13 .[In Persian]. ##
23. Bizheh N, Abdollahi AR, Jaafari M, Zibad AZ. Relationship between neck circumferences with cardiovascular risk factors. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences. 2011;13(1): 36-43 [In Persian]. ##
24. Omli R, Hunskaar S, Mykletun A, Romild U, Kuhry E. Urinary incontinence and risk of functional decline in older women: data from the Norwegian HUNT-study. BMC geriatrics. 2013;13(1):47. ##
25. Brown WJ, Miller YD. Too wet to exercise? Leaking urine as a barrier to physical activity in women. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2001;4(4):373-8. ##
26. Zimmern P, Litman HJ, Nager CW, Lemack GE, Richter HE, Sirls L. Effect of aging on storage and voiding function in women with stress predominant urinary incontinence. The Journal of urology. 2014;192(2):464-8. ##
27. Suskind AM, Cawthon PM, Nakagawa S, Subak LL, Reinders I, Satterfield S,Cummings S, Cauley JA, Harris T, Huang AJ. Urinary Incontinence in Older Women: The Role of Body Composition and Muscle Strength: From the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2016. ##
28. Nomiya M, Sagawa K, Yazaki J, Takahashi N, Kushida N, Haga N, et al. Increased bladder activity is associated with elevated oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokines in a rat model of atherosclerosis‐induced chronic bladder ischemia. Neurourology and urodynamics. 2012;31(1):185-9. [In Persian]. ##
29. Shohani M, Carson KV, Sayehmiri K, Shohani F. Effective Factors on Urinary Incontinence in Natural Menopausal Women. Thrita. 2015;4(4).[In Persian]
30. Townsend MK, Lajous M, Medina-Campos RH, Catzin-Kuhlmann A, López-Ridaura R, Rice MS. Risk factors for urinary incontinence among postmenopausal Mexican women. International Urogynecology Journal. 2016:1-8. ##
31. Li Y, Zhang Z. Association between waist-to-height ratio and postpartum urinary incontinence. International Urogynecology Journal. 2016:1-9. ##
32. Phelan S, Kanaya AM, Subak LL, Hogan PE, Espeland MA, Wing RR, et al. Weight loss prevents urinary incontinence in women with type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD trial. The Journal of urology. 2012;187(3):939-44. ##
33 Zimmern P, Litman HJ, Mueller E, Norton P, Goode P. Effect of fluid management on fluid intake and urge incontinence in a trial for overactive bladder in women. BJU international. 2010;105(12):1680-5. ##
34. Dowd TT, Campbell JM, Jones JA. Fluid intake and urinary incontinence in older community-dwelling women. Journal of Community Health Nursing. 1996;13(3):179-86. ##
35. Vatandust, Vasaghi-Gharamaleki, Moghadam A. The effect of lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, type and number of labor in volleyball players suffering stress urinary incontinence Journal of modern rehabilitation. 2015;9(2):25-34. [In Persian].##
The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Volume 7, Issue 3
September and October 2018
Pages 226-235

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 17 July 2017
  • Revise Date: 13 December 2017
  • Accept Date: 01 January 2018
  • First Publish Date: 23 September 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics