Comparison of the Effects of Knee Local, Proximal, and Distal Training on Knee Pain, Function, and Dynamic Balance in Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 MSc. in Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran

2 PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran

3 PhD. Professor, Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aims: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common musculoskeletal disorder. Quadriceps exercises are used as standard exercises for patellofemoral pain syndrome rehabilitation, but in addition to the weakness of quadriceps muscles, the weakness and shortness of the knee proximal and distal muscles are also effective in the incidence of this syndrome. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of knee local, proximal, and distal training on performance, dynamic balance, and pain in athletes with this syndrome.
Materials and Methods: A total of 39 athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome, diagnosed by a specialist practitioner, with an average age of 25.5 ± 3.35 years, were voluntarily included in the study and were randomly assigned to three groups of proximal, including hip and knee muscles exercises (n=12), distal, including ankle and knee muscles exercises (n=11), and and control, including only knee muscles local exercises (n=12). Training was performed for 8 weeks. To evaluate the patients’ performance, dynamic balance, and pain severity, the WOMAC questionnaire, Y test, and visual analogue scale were used, respectively.
Results: The results showed that in anthropometric characteristics, pain and function before intervention, there were not any significant differences between three experimental groups. In all the three groups, the pain, dynamic balance and performance in post-test were significantly improved compared with pretest (P = 0.001). Also, there was a significant difference in pain intensity between the proximal group and those of the other two groups (P = 0.016).
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, all three types of exercises are effective in reducing pain and improving performance and dynamic balance of patients, but the proximal exercises have a greater effect on reducing pain in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Therefore, it is suggested that the combined hip and knee exercises be used in rehabilitation of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

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References

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The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
Volume 9, Issue 2
July 2020
Pages 219-227

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History

  • Receive Date: 20 August 2019
  • Revise Date: 22 September 2019
  • Accept Date: 30 September 2019
  • First Publish Date: 21 June 2020

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