تاب آوری و کم شنوایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 1. استادیار دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی. مرکز تحقیقات توانبخشی اعصاب اطفال. تهران. ایران

2 2. دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی. دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی. تهران. ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
در طول تاریخ دیدگاه غالب در مورد افراد مبتلا به کم­شنوایی عمدتا بر ناتوانی­های آنها تاکید داشته که منجر به ایجاد حس بی­کفایتی و ناکامی در این افراد شده است. اما دیدگاه اخیر در مورد افراد مبتلا به کم­شنوایی بر روان­شناسی مثبت، مسائل مربوط به سلامت و توانایی­ها و شایستگی­های فردی برای اداره زندگی مستقل که مرتبط با مفهوم تاب­آوری است، تاکید دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی مروری مفهوم تاب­آوری در افراد مبتلا به کم­شنوایی بود.
مواد و روش­ها
 بدین منظور از منابع علمی پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Elsevier، ProQuest و Google scholar و نیز از کتاب­های معتبر در زمینه کم­شنوایی بین سال­های 1979 تا 2013  استفاده شد. جستجو در این پایگاه­ها با استفاده از کلید واژه­های resilience, hearing impairment و deaf انجام گرفت.
یافته­ها
 نتایج نشان داد تاب­آوری فرایندی پویا در رشد انسان است که در تعامل با شخصیت و عوامل محیطی در جریانی دوسویه رشد می­کند. این فرایند یک ویژگی ثابت نیست؛ بلکه قابل تغییر است و می­توان آن را بهبود بخشید. عوامل محافظت­کننده تاب­آوری در سطوح فردی، خانوادگی و محیطی قرار می­گیرند که می­توان از آنها به عنوان نقطه آغاز مناسبی در طراحی و اجرای مداخله­های بالینی برای افراد مبتلا به کم­شنوایی و خانواده­های آنها استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Resilience and hearing impairment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Guita Movallali 1
  • Hojat Pirzadi 2
1 1. Associate professor. University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR). Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center Tehran, Iran
2 2. Ph.D. Student. Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, University of Allameh-tabatabai, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Historically, the prevailing view about hearing impaired people may focus primarily on their disability, which leads to a sense of inadequacy and failure in these individuals. But recent views about hearing impaired people focuses on positive psychology, mental health issues, and their ability and competence to manage their independent living, which all are linked to the concept of resilience. This study provided an overview of resilience in the hearing impaired.
Material and Methods: In order to review the concept of resilience in the hearing impaired patients, we used PubMed, Elsevier, ProQuest and Google scholar database and text books in the field of hearing impairment between years of 1979 to 2013, Using “resilience”, “hearing impairment” and “deaf” as keywords.
Results: Resilience is a dynamic process in human development which is interaction with one’s personality and environmental factors. This process is not a fixed feature and can change and be improved. Protective factors of resilience are individual, familial or environmeal which can be used as starting points to design and implement clinical interventions for impaired hearing people and their families.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resilience
  • Positive psychology
  • Risk factors
  • Protective Factors
  • Hearing impairment
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