نقص بازشناسی بیان چهره ای خنثی بین کودکان دارای اُتیسم عملکرد بالا در مقایسه با همتایان بهنجار 7 تا 11 ساله

میرزاخانی, نوید; زاهدی باروق, اکبر; علیزاده زارعی, مهدی; اکبرزاده باغبان, علیرضا; پاشازاده, زهرا; رضایی, مهدی; اورکی, مریم

doi:10.22037/jrm.2014.1100075

نقص بازشناسی بیان چهره ای خنثی بین کودکان دارای اُتیسم عملکرد بالا در مقایسه با همتایان بهنجار 7 تا 11 ساله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ 1. عضو هیئت علمی گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی. تهران، ایران

² 2. کمیته پژوهشی دانشجویی. دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد کاردرمانی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

³ 3. استادیار و عضو هیات علمی، گروه کاردرمانی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران.

⁴ 4. دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

⁵ 5. دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم تحقیقات، ارومیه، ایران.

10.22037/jrm.2014.1100075

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
افراد مبتلا به اختلال طیف اُتیسم [1] به احتمال زیاد به دلیل نقص در بازشناسی هیجان چهره نیز دچار نقصان در مهارتهای بین فردی و اجتماعی میشوند. مطالعه حاضر مقایسه این توانایی بین مبتلایان 11-7 سالهی مبتلا به اُتیسم با سطح عملکردی بالا با همتایان بهنجار بود. مقایسه حالت خنثی برای اولین بار صورت گرفت.
مواد و روش ها
در این مطالعه 27 کودک مبتلا به اُتیسم با سطح عملکردی بالا و 27 کودک بهنجار پسر 11-7 ساله شرکت کردند که از نظر سن و هوش (عملی، کلامی و کلی) همتا بودند. مقایسه بازشناسی حالت خنثی و هیجانات ترس و تعجب با استفاده از تکلیف محققساخته در قالب نرمافزار MATLAB انجام شد. یافتهها توسط دو آزمون آماری ANOVA اندازهگیری متواتر و تی زوجی، با نرم افزار SPSS نسخهی 19 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته ها
دو گروه از نظر بازشناسی هیجانهای چهره، تفاوت معنیداری باهم داشتند ( 009/0= p و 288/7 =(1.50)F) . تفاوت در بازشناسی حالت خنثی و زمانی که جنسیت تصویر مونث بود مشاهده شد. بین زمان واکنش دو گروه تفاوت معنیداری مشاهده نشد ( 051/0= p ، 002/4 =(1.50)F) این تفاوت فقط در تصاویر مذکر هدف مشاهده شد ( 025/0=p ، 305/2-=t) ،( 035/0= p، 160/2-=t) ،( 011/0= p، 654/2-=t).
بحث و نتیجه گیری
کودکان مبتلا فقط در بازشناسی حالت چهره خنثی و جنسیت مونث تصویر هدف، ضعیفتر عمل کردند و زمان واکنش آنها در تصاویر مذکر نیز بیشتر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Deficit of Neutral Facial Expression Recognition between Children with High-Functioning Autism and Typical Peers Aged 7-11

نویسندگان [English]

Navid Mirzakhani Araghi ¹
Akbar Zahedi Barough ²
Mehdi Alizadeh Zareie ³
Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban ⁴
Zahra Pashazadeh Azari ¹
Mehdi Rezaee ¹
Maryam Oraki ⁵

¹ 1. Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

² 2. MSc student of Occupation Therapy. Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences. Shahid beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran

³ 3. Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

⁴ 4. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

⁵ 5. MSc student of psychology of exceptional students, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Individuals suffering from Autestic spectrum disorder are impaired in interpersonal and social skills highly due to deficiency in facial emotion recognition. The objective of this study was to compare this ability between children with High-Functioning Autism with Typical peers. Comparing recognition of neutral state was used for the first time.
Materials and Methods: Twenty seven High-Functioning Autism and 27 Typical boys between 7 and 11 years of age who were matched based on age, and performance, verbal and overall IQ participated in this study. Comparison of neutral face and facial emotions, including fear and surprise was made using a computerized researcher-made test in MATLAB software. A repeated measures ANOVA and an independent t-test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS software version 19.
Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of facial emotion recognition (F (1,50) = 7.288, p = 0.009). The difference was significant in the recognition of neutral face with female gender (t = 2.574, p = 0.013). There was no difference in reaction time between groups (F (1,50) = 4.002, P = .051). Differences in reaction time in both groups and in three facial expressions were observed in male targets (t = -2.305, p = .025), (t = -2.160, p = .035), (t = -2.654, p = 0.011).
Conclusion: In recognition of neutral faces with female gender targets, people with High-Functioning Autism performed weaker than typical peers and their reaction time were increased in male gender targets.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

high-functioning Autism
facial expression recognition
neutral face

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