بررسی شیوع انواع اختلالات گفتار و زبان مراجعان به کلینیک گفتاردرمانی دانشکده توانبخشی تهران در یک دوره 10 ساله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی گروه گفتاردرمانی، دانشکده توانبخشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران. تهران، ایران

2 استاد، هیئت علمی ،گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد گفتاردرمانی

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: اپیدمیولوژی یکی از مسائل علوم بهداشتی است که به عنوان مکملی برای علوم بالینی و آزمایشگاهی پایه در آسیب شناسی گفتار و زبان و شنوایی- شناسی مطرح می باشد. آگاهی از میزان شیوع انواع اختلالات ارتباطی به ویژه اختلالات گفتار و زبان می تواند به برنامه ریزی دقیق درمان های توانبخشی این بیماران کمک نماید.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه از نوع توصیفی- مقطعی می باشد و تعداد 2003 عدد پرونده موجود دربایگانی و در جریان کلینیک گفتاردرمانی دانشکده توانبخشی تهران در یک دوره 10 ساله مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تعداد 851 پرونده بر اساس نمونه گیری سیستماتیک انتخاب شده و اطلاعات استخراج شده بوسیله نرم افزار SPSS16 و با استفاده از شاخص های پراکندگی مرکزی بررسی شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که از 851 پرونده مورد بررسی، بیشترین افراد یعنی 401 نفر ( 1/47 %) در گروه سنی 5-1 سال قرار داشتند. همچنین تعداد 343 نفر( 3/40 %) دارای اختلال دیرکرد در رشد گفتار و زبان بودند در صورتی که  184 نفر ( 6/21%) گرفتار به اختلال در تولید صداها و 180 نفر( 2/21 %) گرفتار به لکنت بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به این که بیشترین تعداد مراجعان دارای دیرکرد در رشد گفتار و زبان بودند بنابراین با پایش مداوم روند گفتار و زبان  و افزایش سطح آگاهی والدین می توان از بروز این اختلال پیشگیری کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence of speech and language disorders in patients referring to the Speech therapy clinic in Tehran Rehabilitation Faculty during 10 years

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azar Mehri 1
  • Soghrat Faghih Zadeh 2
  • Seyede Zohre Mousavi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Speech Therapy Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Statistical and Epidemiological Department, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 MSc in Speech Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and aim: Epidemiology is one of the Health Sciences issues that is considered as a supplement to the basic sciences and clinical laboratory in speech-language pathology and audiology. Having an understanding of the prevalence of communication disorders, especially speech and language disorders, can help us devise better plans for the patients' rehabilitation programs.
Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 2003 records, from a 10-year period, were studied in the archives of the Speech Therapy Clinic in Tehran Rehabilitation Faculty. All the 851 cases were selected based on systematic sampling and the data was analyzed using SPSS (v. 16).
Results: Important findings include: from among 851 records, 401 patients (%47.1) aged between 1 to 5 years. A total of 343 patients (%40.3) had speech and language delay. Also, 184 patients (6.21%) had articulation and voice disorders and 180 patients (2.21%) were stutterers.
Conclusion: The largest number of referrals to the speech therapy clinics was the delayed speech and language disorders, and the apraxia and PKU had the lowest rates. The ratio of male to female patients was approximately 2 to 1.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Demographic characteristics
  • Prevalence
  • Speech and Language disorders
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دوره 5، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1395
صفحه 132-140
  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1395