مقایسه تاثیر خستگی عضلانی بر عملکرد حس عمقی گردن کاراته کارای حرفه ای و غیرورزشکاران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران

2 استاد گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
ضعف عملکرد حس عمقی گردن یک عامل خطر برای آسیب­های ناحیه سر و گردن ورزشکاران محسوب می­شود. اختلال عملکرد حس عمقی با عواملی همچون خستگی عضلانی که جزء لاینفک هر فعالیت بدنی است، ارتباط دارد. از این رو تحقیق حاضر قصد بررسی تاثیر خستگی عضلات گردن بر حس عمقی آن در کاراته­کاران حرفه ای در مقایسه با افراد غیرورزشکار را دارد.
مواد و روش­ها
نمونه­های تحقیق حاضر متشکل از 16 ورزشکار حرفه ای مرد کاراته با میانگین سن (73/2±00/21) سال، قد (05/0±78/1) سانتی­متر و وزن (32/11±38/71) کیلوگرم و 16 نفر مرد غیرورزشکار با میانگین سن (87/1±81/20) سال، قد (04/0±75/1) سانتی­متر و وزن (24/12±00/70) کیلوگرم می­باشد. جهت اعمال خستگی از حرکت شانه بالا انداختن با دمبل (30% یک تکرار بیشینه) استفاده شد. قبل و بعد از اعمال پروتکل خستگی عضلانی ایزوتونیک، از آزمون بازسازی سری گردنی با اندازه­گیری خطای بازسازی زاویه در دو حرکت اکستنشن و چرخش جهت سنجش توانایی حس عمقی گردن استفاده شد.
نتایج
به لحاظعملکرد حس عمقی گردن قبل و بعد از اعمال خستگی عضلانی، در هیچ یک از گروه­ها، تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد. بین عملکرد حس عمقی گردن ورزشکاران و غیرورزشکاران در اجرای آزمون توسط حرکت اکستنشن تفاوت معنادار مشاهده شد (05/0>P). در مجموع، ورزشکاران حرفه ای عملکرد حس عمقی ضعیفتری را نسبت به گروه غیرورزشکاران نشان دادند.
نتیجه­ گیری
گرچه خستگی عضلات گردن تاثیری بر عملکرد حس عمقی گردن نداشت، احتمالا تاثیر تدریجی گیرنده­های حس عمقی گردن از ضربات وارده و تکرار حرکات شتابی ناحیه سر و گردن در ورزشکاران کاراته موجب ضعف عملکرد حس عمقی ناحیه گردن این افراد، در جهات خاص حرکتی، در مقایسه با غیرورزشکاران شده است. بنابراین نیاز به افزایش عملکرد حس عمقی گردن در ورزشکاران کاراته از طریق اجرای تمرینات اختصاصی حس عمقی احساس می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effects of Muscular Fatigue on Neck Proprioception Performance between Professional Karate Athletes and Non-Athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nadjmeh Afhami 1
  • Mansour Sahebozamani 2
  • Fariborz Mohamadi por 3
1 PhD student in Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Professor of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Sports Biomechanics, Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: The poor performance of neck proprioception is a risk factor for athlete’s head and neck injury. Muscle fatigue, as an inevitable factor of any physical activity, can cause disorder in proprioception performance. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of cervical muscular fatigue on neck proprioception performance in karate athletes in comparison to non-athletes.
Materials and Methods: A total of 16 professional karate athletes (mean age ± SD; 21.00 ± 2.73 years, mean height ± SD; 1.78 ± 0.05 cm, and mean weight ± SD; 71.38 ± 11.32 kg) and 16 non-athletes (mean age ± SD; 20.81 ± 1.87 years, mean height ± SD; 1.75 ± 0.04 cm, and mean weight ± SD; 70.00 ± 12.24 kg) participated in the study. Participants performed dumbbell shrug shoulder (with 30% 1RM) for fatigue protocol. Cervicocephalic relocation test was used measuring angle repositioning error during active cervical extension and rotation movements to assess neck proprioception ability, before and after isotonic muscular fatigue.
Results: No significant difference was observed in neck position sense before and after neck muscles fatigue in the two groups. However, a significant difference was found in neck proprioception performance between karate athletes and non-athletes following extension (P<0/05). In general, athletes had greater joint position errors compared with non-athletes.
Conclusion: Although muscular fatigue did not affect proprioceptive neck performance, probably the effects of degenerative changes in neck proprioception and the acceleration repeated movements in karate athletes have weakened their neck proprioception function in some direction in comparison to non-athletes. Therefore, it is important to improve the performance of neck proprioception in karate athletes through special neck proprioception trainings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Karate
  • Proprioception
  • Muscle Fatigue

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 6، شماره 3
مهر و آبان 1396
صفحه 1-10

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 مرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 مرداد 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1396

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