تاثیر هشت هفته برنامه تمرینی ادراکی-حرکتی بر حافظه فعال کودکان مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد تربیت بدنی، گرایش رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه دانشکده تربیت بدنی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دکترای رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 دکترای روانشناسی شناختی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
حافظه نقش مهمی در زندگی افراد ایفا می‌کند و به طور لاینفک در هر تکلیف شناختی از آسان‌ترین تا دشوارترین تکلیف درگیر است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر هشت هفته برنامه تمرینی ادراکی-حرکتی بر حافظه کاری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال هماهنگی رشدی بود.
مواد و روش ها
تعداد 20 آزمودنی کودک در دامنه سنی 8-12 سال از بین کودکان با اختلال هماهنگی رشدی حاضر در مدارس استثنایی شهرستان کرمانشاه به صورت نمونه در دسترس انتخاب گردیده و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. پروتکل تمرینی شامل 8 هفته تمرینات ادراکی-حرکتی بود که طی سه جلسه در هفته و 50 دقیقه تمرینات انجام گردید. حافظه فعال قبل و بعد از تمرینات به وسیله ابزار معتبر [نرم‌افزار حافظه کاری وکسلر]، اندازه‌گیری شد. پس از اطمینان از توزیع طبیعی داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون کولمو گرف-اسمیرنوف، از آزمون‌های t همبسته و مستقل برای مقایسه نتایج درون و بین گروهی استفاده شد.
یافته ها
پیشرفت معنا‌داری در حافظه فعال از پیش-آزمون تا پس-آزمون در گروه آزمایش وجود داشت (001/0=P). همچنین یافته‌ها نشان داد گروه تجربی نسبت به گروه کنترل در حافظه فعال به طور معنا‌داری بهتر بودند (002/0=P).
نتیجه گیری
الگوی نتایج تحقیق پیشنهاد می کند که به احتمال زیاد انجام تمرینات ادراکی-حرکتی موجب بهبود عملکرد حافظه فعال کودکان دارای اختلال هماهنگی رشدی می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Eight Weeks of Perceptual-Motor Training on Working Memory in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Valinia 1
  • Ali Heirani 2
  • Kamran Yazdanbakhsh 3
1 MA in Physical Education, Branch of Motor Behavior, Razi University, Kermanshah Faculty of Physical Education, Kermanshah, Iran
2 PhD in Motor Behavior, Razi University of Kermanshah, Faculty of Physical Education, Kermanshah, Iran
3 PhD in Cognitive Psychology, Razi University of Kermanshah, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Memory plays an important role in Psychology and is inseparable from simple to difficult tasks involved in any cognitive task. The present research aimed to examine the effects of an eight-week perceptual-motor training program on working memory in 8-12 year-old children with Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD).
Materials and Methods: A total of 20 children with DCD were selected from DCD students of exceptional schools in Kermanshah city and randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. The perceptual-motor training protocol consisted of eight weeks, three sessions per week, and 50 minutes for each session. Working memory was measured using the working memory software standard test.
Results: After making sure about normality of distribution using klomogrov-smirnov test, the data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests for comparing within and between group effects. There was a significant improvement from pretest to posttests in the experimental group regarding the working memory (p=0/001). Moreover, the findings showed that experimental group was significantly better than control group in working memory (p=0/002).
Conclusion: According to the present study, perceptual-motor training program improves working memory functions in children with DCD.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • children
  • developmental coordination disorder
  • Perceptual-motor training
  • Working memory

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 6، شماره 3
مهر و آبان 1396
صفحه 211-220

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 مهر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1396

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