تاثیر بریس پروفیلاکتیک زانو بر متغیرهای منتخب بیومکانیکی موثر بر عملکرد ورزشی و عوامل خطرزای بروز آسیب پارگی لیگامنت متقاطع قدامی؛ مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، گروه فیزیوتراپی، دانشکده توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
پارگی لیگامنت متقاطع قدامی یکی از آسیب­های شایع در ورزشکاران می­باشد و استفاده از بریس پروفیلاکتیک، به منظور کاهش وقوع یا کاهش شدت این آسیب می­باشد. با این حال به نظر می­رسد بریس قابلیت محدود کردن عملکرد ورزشکار را دارد. هدف تحقیق مرور مقالات در حیطه اثرات استفاده از بریس پروفیلاکتیک زانو بر متغیرهای بیومکانیکی و عوامل خطرزای بروز آسیب لیگامنت متقاطع قدامی است.
مواد و روش­ها
با جستجوی مقالات در پایگاه­های اطلاعاتیSID, Elsevier, Sport Discus, Pub Med, Science Direct, Springer با کلیدواژه­های مورد نظر، نهایتاً 15 مقاله درباره تاثیر بریس بر متغیرهای بیومکانیکی موثر بر عملکرد ورزشی و 10 مقاله در مورد تاثیر بریس بر عوامل خطرزای بروز آسیب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
یافته­ها
بررسی تحقیقات در ورزشکاران بدون سابقه آسیب لیگامنت نشان داد که اغلب تحقیقات بیانگر اثر مثبت بریس برکاهش عوامل خطرزای بروز آسیب لیگامنت بوده و بریس را سبب محدودیت متغیرهای کینتیکی ندانسته­اند؛ با این حال چهار تحقیق از شش تحقیق بیانگر اثر منفی بریس بر متغیرهای کینماتیکی می­باشد. همچنین با بررسی تحقیقات در ورزشکاران با سابقه آسیب لیگامنت مشخص گردید که بریس سبب بهبود متغیرهای کینتیکی شده، ولی از دو تحقیق انجام شده یک تحقیق بیانگر اثر منفی بریس بر متغیرهای کینماتیکی بوده و از پنج تحقیق صورت گرفته سه تحقیق بیانگر اثر مثبت بریس بر کاهش عوامل خطرزای بروز آسیب و دو تحقیق، بی­اثر بودن بریس را گزارش نمود.
نتیجه­ گیری
می­توان گفت که ورزشکاران بدون آسیب، می­توانند از بریس به منظور کاهش خطر پارگی لیگامنت استفاده کنند. همچنین ورزشکاران متعاقب آسیب لیگامنت می­توانند از اثرات مثبت بریس برای بهبود قدرت، توان و تعادل بهره ببرند؛ با این حال به طور قطع نمی­توان گفت که بریس سبب کاهش احتمال آسیب مجدد این لیگامنت می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Prophylactic Knee Brace on Selection of Efficient Biomechanical Variables on Performance and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Risk Factors: A Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nader Nokhodchi 1
  • Heydar Sadeghi 2
  • Ismail Ebrahimi Takamjani 3
1 PhD Student in Sport Biomechanics, Department of Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Full Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Full Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury commonly occurs during sport activities. Prophylactic knee brace is introduced to reduce the risk of ligament injuries but it can limit the performance. The present study was carried out to review the studies conducted regarding the effect of prophylactic knee brace on efficient biomechanical variables on performance and ligament tear risk factors.
Materials and Methods: A literature review was done on the studies published between 1980-May 2016 in PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Springer, and SID databases. The following terms were used as keywords: Prophylactic knee brace, neoprene knee sleeve, ACL injuries risk factors, and Biomechanical factors. A total of 15 articles were selected as final articles for the present study.
Results: Review of the literature demonstrated that athletes without injury of ligament can use prophylactic knee brace to reduce ligament tear risk factors without any significant effect on kinetic variables (strength, torque, power, balance). But most articles demonstrated that using brace can limit the kinematic variables (speed, agility, acceleration). On the other hand, literature showed that brace can improve kinetic factors (power and strength) in athletes with injury of anterior cruciate ligament, but the effectiveness of brace on reducing the ligament injury is controversial.
Conclusion: It is concluded that athletes without injury of ACL in the sports, in which kinematic factors (speed and agility) do not play the primary role in the success of the individuals, can use prophylactic knee brace to reduce ligament tear risk factors, while athletes with history of ACL injury can improve their kinetic variables (strength, power and balance) using prophylactic knee brace; however, the effect of knee brace on the reduction of re-injury is unknown.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Prophylactic knee brace
  • Biomechanics
  • Anterior cruciate ligament tear risk factors
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