مقایسه‌ی ویژگی های شخصیتی و اضطراب زنان باردار بر حسب انتخاب نوع زایمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه روان شناسی، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
برخی از ویژگی­های روانی و شخصیتی در انتخاب و تصمیم­گیری انسان­ها بسیار تاثیرگذار است. این ویژگی­های روان­شناختی می­توانند با انتخاب نوع زایمان نیز مرتبط باشند. از این­رو پژوهش حاضر به منظور مقایسه‌ی ویژگی­های شخصیتی (روان رنجور خویی، برون­گرایی، باز بودن به تجربه، توافق­گرایی و وجدان­گرایی) و اضطراب (آشکار و نهان) زنان باردار بر حسب انتخاب نوع زایمان (طبیعی یا سزارین) در شهرستان طارم اجرا شد.
 مواد و روش ها
روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع علی-مقایسه­ای بود. نمونه مورد بررسی شامل 90 نفر از زنان باردار مراجعه­کننده به مراکز بهداشتی شهرستان طارم در سال 1394 بودند. ابتدا به روش نمونه­گیری خوشه­ای دو مرکز از سطح شهرستان انتخاب و سپس ار بین زنان باردار مراجعه­کننده به این دو مرکز 90 نفر به روش تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. آزمودنی­ها به پرسش­نامه شخصیتی (NEO-FFI) و پرسش­نامه اضطراب اشپیل برگر پاسخ دادند. برای تحلیل داده­ها علاوه بر روش­های آمار توصیفی (میانگین و انحراف معیار) از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چند متغیری (Manova) استفاده شد.
یافته ها
یافته­ها نشان داد که بین زنان باردار با ترجیح دو نوع زایمان (طبیعی و سزارین) تفاوت معناداری در میزان اضطراب آشکار و ویژگی­های شخصیتی روان رنجور خویی، برون­گرایی، باز بودن به تجربه و مسئولیت­پذیری وجود دارد (01/0(P<.
 نتیجه گیری
نتایج پژوهش اهمیت مسائل روان­شناختی را در ترجیح نوع زایمان بیان می­کند و نشان می­دهد برای کاهش آمار سزارین می­بایست به اضطراب آشکار و ویژگی­های شخصیتی زنان باردار توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Personality Characteristics and Anxiety in Pregnant Women Based on Choosing the Type of Delivery

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoud Hejazi
PhD Department of Psychology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Some of the psychological and personality characteristics are very influential in human beings’ selection and decision-making. These psychological characteristics can be also related to chosing the type of delivery. So, the present study aimed to compare personality characteristics (Neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and anxiety (overt and covert) in pregnant women according to the type of delivery (natural or cesarean) inTarom city.
Materials and Method: In the present descriptive and causal-comparative study, 90 pregnant women who had referred to health centers in Tarom city in 2015 were selected. Cluster sampling was used to select two centers of the city, and then from among pregnant women who had referred to these two centers, 90 were randomly selected. Participants responded to Personality Inventory Questionnaire (NEO-FFI) and Speilberger State – Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were used.
Result: The results showed that pregnant women’s preferances for the two types of delivery (normal and caesarean section) were significantly different in overt anxiety and personality traits, such as neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousness (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The results showed the importance of psychological issues in the preferred type of delivery and also suggest that to reduce the number of caesarean sections, anxiety and personality characteristics in pregnant women must be considered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Type of Delivery
  • Personality Characteristics
  • Overt and Covertanxiety
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دوره 7، شماره 1
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 51-58
  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1397