مقایسه نمرات آزمون غربالگری عملکردی شانه در ورزشکاران بالای سر و غیر بالای سر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیومکانیک و آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه بیومکانیک و آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
توانایی پیش­بینی آسیب به اندازه ارزیابی و درمان آن مهم می‌باشد؛ به این منظور توصیه می‌شود ارزیابی عملکرد حرکتی در تست‌های غربالگری پیش از فصل گنجانده شود. یکی از مناطق آسیب­پذیر بدن، ناحیه شانه است و از روش‌های ارزیابی اندام فوقانی و شانه، ارزیابی با استفاده از تست عملکردی شانه می‌باشد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر مقایسه نمرات آزمون عملکردی شانه در دو گروه زنان ورزشکار بالای سر و غیر بالای سر بود.
مواد و روش‌ها
آزمودنی‌های تحقیق شامل 100 زن ورزشکار در دامنه سنی 15 تا 25 ساله بودند که به صورت داوطلبانه در تحقیق حاضر شرکت کردند. ورزشکاران از دو گروه، بالای سر (والیبالیست) و غیر بالای سر (فوتسالیست) تشکیل شده بودند. برای اجرای پژوهش، هر دو گروه توسط آزمون عملکردی شانه (هُوِ 2015)، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. آزمون سه بار تکرار شده و نمره میانگین به عنوان نمره نهایی فرد در نظر گرفته شد و همچنین جهت اندازه‌گیری میزان سر و شانه به جلو از فتوگرامتری استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها
بر اساس نتایج آزمون تی مستقل بین نمرات عملکردی دو گروه والیبالیست و فوتسالیست اختلاف معناداری وجود داشت (003/0P=). بر اساس نتایج آزمون کای دو، فوتبالیست‌ها در دو آزمون طول عضله پکتورالیس مینور و لواتور اسکاپولا اختلاف معناداری داشتند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد فوتبالیست‌ها نسبت به والیبالیست‌ها دارای اختلالات بیشتری در سر و شانه بودند.
نتیجه ­گیری
غربالگری ربع فوقانی، قبل از فصل تمرینات می­تواند راهنمای مناسبی برای مربی در تشخیص و اصلاح اختلالات حرکتی ورزشکار باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، نتایج تست غربالگری بین دو گروه فوتسال و والیبال، حاکی از ضعف در هر دو گروه بود، امّا گروهی که اختلال سر و شانه به جلو بیشتری داشت (فوتسال)، عملکرد ضعیف­تری از خود نشان داد. بنابراین می­توان گفت که در عملکرد شانه، احتمالاً وجود ناهنجاری­های با شدت بالا، تاثیرگذارتر از نوع ورزش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Shoulder Screening Test Scores between Overhead and Non-Overhead Athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghazal Mohammad Gholipour Aghdam 1
  • Amir Letafatkar 2
1 MA, Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injury, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran- Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injury, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran- Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: The ability to anticipate the injury is as important as its assessment and treatment; thus, it is recommended to include the analysis of performance in pre-season screening tests. Using the functional assessment prior to participating in the event could be reducing the incidence of injury and act as a preventive factor. One of the vulnerable regions of the body is shoulder and the method for assessing upper extremity and shoulder is using shoulder functional assessment test. The aim of the present study was to compare the scores of shoulder screening test between overhead and non-overhead athletes.
Materials and Methods: Participants were 100 girl athletes (with the age range 15-25 years) who volunteered to participate. The participants included overhead (volleyball) and non-overhead (futsal) athletes. Both groups of athletes were assessed using shoulder functional tests (Howe, 2015). Each item of the test was measured three times and the average was considered as an ultimate score. Also, participants' forward head and round shoulder was measured using the photogrametry. Independent T-test and k-squared test were used for data analyses. Significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: T-test showed a significant difference between functional scores obtained from volleyball players and those of futsal players (p₌0.003). However, the results of k-squared test showed significant differences in pectoralis minor and levator scapula muscles length test. Also, the results showed that the futsal players had more dysfunction compared with volleyball players.
Conclusion: Upper quarter screening in pre-season trainings can be an appropriate guide for the trainer for diagnosis and correction of athletic movement disorders. In the current study, the results of screening test between futsal and volleyball groups indicates weakness in both of them, but the group that has more forward head and shoulder disorder (futsal) had weaker performance. It is therefore concluded that in shoulder function, the presence of abnormalities with high intensity is probably more important than the type of sport.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Shoulders Function
  • Overhead Athletes
  • Pre-Season Screening

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 7، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1397
صفحه 41-51

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1397

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