بررسی اثربخشی برنامه مداخله‌ای مبتنی بر نمایش خلاق بر مهارت‌های زبانی کودکان کاشت حلزون شده 6-4 سال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
نخستین و مهمترین مسئله در کودکان با آسیب شنوایی اشکال در برقراری ارتباط است، زیرا افت شنوایی آنها را از شنیدن گفتار دیگران بازداشته یا باعث شنیدن نامناسب یا ناقص گفتار دیگران می‌شود. این کودکان با استفاده از روش‌های مناسب توانبخشی می‌توانند از نظر مهارت‌های زبانی پیشرفت کنند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر برنامه مداخله‌ای مبتنی بر نمایش خلاق بر مهارت‌های زبانی کودکان با آسیب شنوایی کاشت حلزون‌شده 6-4 سال انجام شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها
روش بررسی در پژوهش حاضر از نوع مداخله‌ای آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه انتظار است. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش شامل 30 کودک با آسیب شنوایی کاربر کاشت حلزون بودند که به روش در دسترس انتخاب و به دو گروه آزمایش و انتظار تقسیم شدند. 15 کودک در گروه آزمایش، مداخله نمایش خلاق را دریافت کردند و 15 کودک در گروه انتظار قرار داشته و در این مداخله شرکت داده نشدند. هر دو گروه قبل و بعد از مداخله توسط آزمون بازگویی داستان از نظر مهارت‌های زبانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها
با مقایسه میانگین هفت خرده مقیاس آزمون بازگویی داستان، در دو گروه آزمایش و انتظار از طریق تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره این گونه مشخص شد که در هر هفت خرده مقیاس، بین گروه آزمایش و انتظار تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد و در خرده مقیاس پیچیدگی نحوی به دلیل تفاوت در پیش آزمون دو گروه آزمایش و انتظار، نمی توان تفاوت مشاهده شده در پس‌آزمون دو گروه را ناشی از اثر مداخله دانست. این یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که مداخله نمایش خلاق بر مهارت های زبانی کودکان با آسیب شنوایی موثر بوده است.
نتیجه‌ گیری
بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر ایجاد موقعیت‌های نمایشی و آموزش ساختارهای زبانی به صورت غیر‌مستقیم تأثیر چشمگیری بر افزایش مهارت های زبانی این کودکان داشته و این کودکان بعد از این مداخله پیشرفت مناسبی در استفاده از ساختارهای صحیح زبانی در ارتباط کلامی خود داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Creative Drama on the Language Skills of 4-6 Year-Old Children with Cochlear Implants

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sogand Ghasemzadeh 1
  • Leila Kazemian 2
1 Assistant Professor of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Tehran, Iran
2 Masters Student of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: The most important problem in hearing impaired children is difficulty in communication, because hearing loss prevents them from hearing the others' speech or results in incomplete hearing of other' speech. The current study examined the impact of the intervention program based on creative drama on the language skills of 4-6 year-old children with hearing impairment and cochlear implant.
Materials and Methods: An interventional experimental study with pre-test and posttest and control group was carried out. Participants consisted of 30 hearing impaired children with cochlear implant who were selected using convenience sampling and were divided into two experimental and control groups. The language skill of both groups before and after intervention was assessed via a story retelling test.
Results: Comparing the average of seven subscales of retelling story test in the two experiment and control groups, using multivariate regression analysis, it was found that in all the seven subscales, there were significant differences between the experiment and control groups and in terms of syntactic complexity subscale, due to the differences in the pretest of the two groups, the observed difference in the posttest between the two groups cannot be explained by the treatment. These findings suggest that the creative drama was effective on the language skills of hearing impaired children.
Conclusion: Rehabilitation of hearing impaired children, including speech therapy and auditory training, are always performed in formal meetings and often these children are not excited enough to use these trainings. That is why the education process is very time-consuming and energy-intensive. Based on the findings of the present study, a demonstration and training opportunities for indirect teaching of language structures has a noticeable impact on the children's language skills and these children demonstrated good progress in using correct forms of language structures after this intervention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Creative Drama
  • Language Skills
  • Hearing impaired children
  • Cochlear Implant
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دوره 7، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1397
صفحه 182-191
  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1397