مقایسه الگوی استفاده از زمان کودکان 7 تا 12 ساله دچار فلج مغزی و همسالان بهنجارشان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد کاردرمانی، گروه کاردرمانی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

2 دکترای کاردرمانی، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده علوم سلامتی، دانشگاه کویت، مرکز تحقیقات توانبخشی اعصاب اطفال، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترای کاردرمانی، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

4 دکترای کاردرمانی، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، استادیار و عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، تهران، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکترای کاردرمانی، گروه آموزشی کاردرمانی، دانشکده توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

6 دکترای آمار زیستی، گروه آموزشی آمار و کامپیوتر، استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
الگوی استفاده از زمان، یک شاخه­ی تعریف­شده در کاردرمانی و مطالعات علم کار است. به نظر می­رسد که کودکان، جمعیت در خطر عدم توازن کاری باشند که زمان کمتری را در فعالیت­های همراه با تحرک صرف می­کنند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقایسه­ی الگوی استفاده از زمان در کودکان دچار فلج مغزی با کودکان بهنجار است.
مواد و روش­ ها
مطالعه حاضر از نوع تحلیلی، مقطعی-مقایسه­ای بود. 28 کودک هنجار و 28 کودک دچار فلج مغزی که از نظر سن، جنس و وضعیت اجتماعی و اقتصادی همسان شده بودند، در 2 روز تعطیل و غیرتعطیل بررسی شدند. جمع­آوری اطلاعات با استفاده از گاه­نگار زمان، یرسش­نامه اطلاعات دموگرافیک، سیستم طبقه­بندی حرکات درشت و سیستم طبقه­بندی توانایی دستی صورت گرفت. از آزمون t مستقل، برای تحلیل داده­ها در SPSS22، استفاده گردید.
یافته ها
آنالیز آماری، تفاوت معناداری را در حوزه­های استراحت وخواب، تحصیل و بازی در روز غیرتعطیل، تفریح در روز تعطیل و فعالیت­های روزمره­ی زندگی در هر دو روز تعطیل و غیرتعطیل (05/0<P) نشان داد. کودکان دچار فلج مغزی در حوزه­ی فعالیت­های روزمره­ی زندگی نیازمند صرف زمان زیادی هستند و در حوزه­های خواب و بازی و تفریح، زمان کمتری را صرف می­کنند، اما در سایر حوزه­ها تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P).
نتیجه­ گیری
مطالعه حاضر نشان داد کودکان دچار فلج مغزی در برخی از حوزه­های کاری نیازمند صرف زمان بیشتری هستند. افزایش مشارکت کودکان دچار فلج مغزی در حیطه­های فعالیت­های روزمره­ی زندگی، تحصیل، خواب، بازی و تفریح نیازمند توجه بیشتر به موضوع استفاده از زمان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Patterns of Time Use between 7-12 Year-Old Children with Cerebral Palsy and Children with Typical Development

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nahid Zare 1
  • Mehdi Rassafiani 2
  • Hossein Sortiji 3
  • Nazila Akbarfahimi 4
  • Moslem Dehghanizadeh 5
  • Akbar Biglarian 6
1 MS Student in Occupational Therapy, University of Welfare & Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD in Occupational Therapy, Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
3 Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Assistant Professor of Occupational Therapy, University of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Tehran, Iran
6 Assistant Professor , PhD in Biostatistic, Department of Biostatistics and Computer, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Pattern of time use refers to a branch of social science and science studies in occupational therapy and occupational science that focuses on "What was it?" and "Why do we use time?" Children's growth is the result of a set of their experiences. Study of how to use the time helps us to understand these children’s experiences. A balance among different areas of occupation is also very critical to support this growth and provides an opportunity to grow wider life skills for mental health, and physical well-being. It appears that children are at the risk of imbalance in their occupation within which they spend less time in activities associated with the movement.  The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity patterns of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) compared to those with typical development using a use-of-time approach.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design study was carried out on 28 children with CP and 28 typically developed children who were matched for age, sex, and socio-economic status. Participants were interviewed using a time use diary. Independent t-test and analysis of variance were run to analyze the values obtained in SPSS22.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in sleeping and playing as well as education and play areas on weekdays, leisure activities on holidays, and everyday life activities on both weekends and holidays (P < 0.05), but in other areas, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Children with CP were observed to spend more time on the activities of daily living and leisure; they also found to spend less time on play and sleep (P>0/05), yet there were no significant differences in other areas between the two groups.
Conclusion: By and large, the activity patterns of children with CP were observed to be similar to those of their Typically Developed peers. The results highlight the activities of daily living, in children with CP, which can an area for future interventions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Time Use Pattern
  • children
  • Cerebral palsy

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 7، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1397
صفحه 215-230

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 دی 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1397

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