نقش دستگاه دهلیزی در بازنمایی فضایی و تأثیر آسیب‏های آن بر عملکردهای شناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 متخصص گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشیار، گروه گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
علامت شایع اما غفلت­شده در اختلال دهلیزی، بروز مشکلاتی در مهارت‌های شناختی مانند حافظه کوتاه­مدت، تمرکز، محاسبات و خواندن می‌باشد. این تصور که علائم شناختی و عاطفی به طور اختصاصی ناشی از صدمات دهلیزی نباشند، ممکن است بعضی پزشکان را به این باور برساند که چنین علائمی را در بیماران دهلیزی نادیده بگیرند و یا حتی زمانی که این علائم اولین نشانه­های بیماری باشد، تشخیص صحیح را از دست بدهند. اطلاعات دهلیزی، نقش مهمی در حفظ آگاهی فضایی دقیق دارد. در مغز، اطلاعات جهت سر و حرکت خود فرد با هم ترکیب می‌شوند، تا موقعیت خود فرد (Self-location) را تعریف کنند. هدف مطالعه مروری حاضر، بررسی نقش دستگاه دهلیزی در بازنمایی فضایی به عنوان یکی از عملکردهای شناختی و روشن­تر ساختن تاثیرات شناختی بیماری­های دهلیزی و همچنین توجه بیشتر به جنبه تعاملات شناختی-دهلیزی می­باشد.
مواد و روش ها
 در مقاله مروری حاضر، مطالعات انجام­شده در زمینه ارتباط بین دستگاه دهلیزی و بازنمایی فضایی و همچنین تاثیرات آسیب دهلیزی بر توانایی انجام عملکردهای شناختی خاص با استفاده از تکالیف دوگانه مرور شده است. مقالات موجود در این زمینه با کلیدواژه‎های دستگاه دهلیزی، هیپوکامپ، بازنمایی فضایی، اختلال عملکرد شناختی و تکالیف دوگانه از بانک‎های اطلاعاتی Google Scholar، Ovid، PubMed، و  Sciencedirectاز سال 1990 تا 2017 مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
 نتیجه گیری

در اختلالات دهلیزی اغلب نقایص شناختی مانند تمرکز ضعیف و کاهش حافظه کوتاه­مدت دیده شده است. در واقع سیگنال­های دهلیزی در درک فردی و فرافردی با حواس مربوط به موقعیت کل بدن و حرکت در فضا و جابجایی محیط نسبت به فرد نقش دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Role of Vestibular System in Spatial Representation and Effect of Its Lesions on Cognitive Functions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Moossavi 1
  • Fatemeh Jafarlou 2
1 Department of Otolaryngology and Head and neck surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
2 PhD Candidate of Audiology, rehabilitation school, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: A prevalent but neglected symptom of vestibular disorder is experience of difficulties in cognitive skills, such as short term memory, concentration, calculation, and reading. This assumption that cognitive and emotional symptoms do not specifically result from vestibular injures may cause some physicians to ignore such symptoms among vestibular patients or even misdiagnose vestibular injury when such symptoms are primary indicators of disease. Vestibular information has an important role in maintaining accurate spatial awareness. In brain, head direction and self-motion information combine to define Self-location. The aim of the present review article was evaluating vestibular system role in spatial representation as one of the cognitive functions and illuminating cognitive effects of vestibular disorder and moreover scientific attending to cognitive-vestibular interaction.
Material and Methods: we studied the previous literature on the relationship between vestibular system and spatial representation and effects of vestibular injury on ability to performing specific cognitive functions by dual tasks. Articles in this area published in GoogleScholar, Ovid, PubMed and Sciencedirect databases were searched using vestibular system, spatial representation, hippocampus, cognitive dysfunction, and dual tasks keywords in publication reported between 1990-2017.
Conclusion: Cognitive deficiencies such as poor concentration and reduced short term memory were frequently seen in vestibular disorders. Indeed, vestibular signals are involved in personal and extra personal perception, sensations related to the whole body position and motion in space, and the displacement of the environment relative to the person.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vestibular System
  • Spatial Representation
  • Hippocampus
  • Cognitive Dysfunction
  • Dual Tasks
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دوره 7، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1397
صفحه 301-318
  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 تیر 1397