اثربخشی آموزش ذهن آگاهی و پذیرش بر کاهش اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و بهبود عملکرد ورزشی فوتبالیست‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده رفتار حرکتی و روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

2 گروه روان شناسی ورزشی. دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده رفتار حرکتی و روان‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
ذهن آگاهی را به ‌عنوان آگاهی غیرقضاوتی و لحظه‌به‌لحظه از تجربه‌ حال حاضر تعریف کرده‌اند. ذهن آگاهی از راهبردهای ارتقاء عملکرد ورزشی است که از طریق بهبود تمرکز مفید واقع می‌گردد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین تأثیر یک دوره برنامه آموزشی ذهن آگاهی و پذیرش بر کاهش اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و بهبود عملکرد ورزشی فوتبالیست‌ها بود.
مواد و روش‌ها
روش پژوهش نیمه­آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش را تیم‌های بزرگ‌سالان لیگ دسته دوم تهران به تعداد 26 تیم تشکیل دادند. نمونه آماری شامل دو تیم با دامنه سنی 5/24 سال بود که به ‌صورت تصادفی برای پژوهش انتخاب شدند. برای اندازه‌گیری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه‌های جمعیت­شناختی، پرسش‌نامه ذهن آگاهی برای ورزش، پرسش‌نامه اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و پرسش‌نامۀ ارزشیابی عملکرد بازیکنان استفاده شد. مداخله به ‌صورت 7 جلسه با فواصل زمانی یک هفته اعمال شد.
یافته‌ها
نمره اضطراب آسیب ورزشی در گروه آزمایش در مرحله پیش‌آزمون 97/2 و در مرحله پس‌آزمون 57/2 بود. همچنین نمره پیش‌آزمون عملکرد ورزشی فوتبالیست‌ها 62/4 و نمره پس‌آزمون 06/5 گردید. با توجه به نتایج تحلیل، نمرات پیش‌آزمون دارای اثر معناداری بر نمره اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و عملکرد ورزشی بود که با کنترل اثر نمرات پیش‌آزمون، دو گروه مورد مطالعه (آزمایش و کنترل) از نظر شاخص‌های اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و عملکرد ورزشی تفاوت معناداری با یکدیگر داشتند (05/0P<)؛ به ‌طوری‌ که اضطراب آسیب ورزشی در گروه آزمایش به طور معنا‌داری کمتر از گروه کنترل و عملکرد ورزشی در گروه آزمایش بیشتر از گروه دیگر بود.
نتیجه‌ گیری
یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر تلویحات قابل‌ توجهی در خصوص آموزش ذهن آگاهی در کاهش اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و افزایش عملکرد در فوتبالیست‌ها در بردارد. در نتیجه، مربیان و روان­شناسان ورزشی می‌توانند تمرینات ذهن آگاهی را به‌ عنوان روشی ساده و کم‌هزینه بر کاهش اضطراب آسیب ورزشی و بهبود عملکرد ورزشکاران اعمال نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Mindfulness and Acceptance Training on Reducing Sport Injury Anxiety and Improving Performance of Soccer Players

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Mozafari zadeh 1
  • Fatemeh Heidari 2
  • Mohammad Khabiri 3
1 Department of motor behavior and sport psychology, Allameh tabataba&amp;#039;i university, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ms.c of Sport Psychology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Mindfulness has been defined as the non-judgemental and awareness at the moment of present experience. Mindfulness meditation is one of the main athletic performance enhancement strategies that affects through improvement of concentration. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mindfulness and acceptance training program on reducing sport injury anxiety and improving performance of soccer players.
Materials and Methods: The research followed a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of 26 soccer teams in the second group of Tehran League 2. The statistical sample included two teams with an age range of 24.5 years, who were randomly selected. To measure the data, Demographic questionnaire, Mindfulness Inventory for Sport (MIS), Sport Injury Anxiety Scale (SIAS), and Assessment questionnaire of Sport Performance were used. The Mindfulness intervention was implemented in seven sessions with one-week intervals.
Results: The mean scores of anxiety in the experimental group in the pre-test stage was 2.97 and 2.49 in the post-test phase. The pre-test score of soccer players was 4.62 and the post-test score was 5.6. According to the data obtained, the pre-test scores had a significant effect on the score of anxiety in sport injuries and sport performance; by controlling the effect of pre-test scores, the two groups for sport injury anxiety and sport performance were significantly different (P <0.05). So, the anxiety of sport injury in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group and the sport performance was higher in the experimental group than in the control group.
Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed significant implications regarding the effect of a mindfulness and acceptance training program on reducing sport injury anxiety and improving performance of soccur Players. As a result, the sport coaches and sport psychologist can use mindfulness as a simple and inexpensive method to decrease sport injury anxiety and improve sport performance in athletes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sport injury anxiety
  • Sport performance
  • Mindfulness

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین 1398
صفحه 95-108

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1398

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