تاثیر هشت هفته برنامه تمرینی اتاگو و تای چی بر خطر افتادن و تعادل سالمندان مرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه آسیب‌شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران و عضو هیات علمی گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد آباده، آباده، ایران

2 استاد، گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه ارتوپدی فنی و مرکز تحقیقات علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
طراحی برنامه­های تمرینی و اثربخشی آن در جهت کاهش میزان خطر سقوط و بهبود تعادل سالمندان مورد توجه بسیاری از محققان می­باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر هشت هفته برنامه تمرینی اتاگو و تای­چی بر خطر سقوط و تعادل سالمندان مرد بود.
مواد و روش­ ها
تعداد 36 مرد سالمند بر اساس معیارهای ورود و خروج انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه (تمرین اتاگو، تای­چی و کنترل) قرار گرفتند. میزان خطر سقوط با استفاده از پرسش­نامه مقیاس کارآمدی سقوط و تعادل با استفاده از جابه­جایی مرکز جرم قبل و بعد از برنامه تمرینی اندازه­گیری شد. سپس آزمودنی­های گروه تمرین تای­چی و اتاگو به مدت هشت هفته به برنامه­های تمرین مورد نظر پرداختند. محاسبه جابه­جایی مرکز جرم با استفاده از داده­های کینماتیکی و با دوربین در وضعیت ایستادن ثبت شد.
یافته­ ها
نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه­گیری مکرر نشان داد که شاخص خطر سقوط و همچنین شاخص تعادل قبل و بعد از برنامه تمرینی در دو گروه تفاورت معنادار دارد. همچین نتایج تحلیل بین گروهی نشان داد که تمرینات اتاگو در مقایسه با تمرینات تای­چی اثرگذاری بیشتری بر شاخص خطر سقوط و شاخص تعادل دارد.
نتیجه­ گیری
به نظر می­رسد تمرینات اتاگو اثرگذاری بیشتری نسبت به تمرینات تای­چی در فاکتور تعادل و به ویژه در فاکتور خطر سقوط داشته است. با توجه به جزئیات برنامه تمرینی اتاگو پیشنهاد می­شود برنامه­های تمرینی که علاوه بر فاکتورهای تعادلی، فاکتورهای دیگر مانند قدرت و یا عملکردی بودن مهارت را مورد توجه قرار می­دهد، در کاهش خطر سقوط سالمندان اثرگذاری بیشتر داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Otago and Tai Chi Exercise Programs on Balance and Risk of Falls in Elderly Men

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavash Dastmanesh 1
  • Mansour Sahebozamani 2
  • Mohammad Taqi Karimi 3
1 PhD candidates Department of Pathology and Corrective exercise, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. Faculty member Department of physical education and sport sciences,
2 Professor, Department of Pathology and Corrective exercise, Department of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
3 Associate professor, Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Design and effectiveness of training programs in order to reduce the risk of falls and improve balance in older people is considered by many researchers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Otago and Tai Chi exercise programs on balance and risk of falling in elderly men.
Materials and Methods: In the current study, 36 elderly men were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and then randomly divided into three groups: Otago exercise, tai chi, and control. Measurement of balance was done using the center of mass displacement and measure of risk of falling was performed using Falls Efficacy Scale-International questionnaire before and after the training program. The participants took Tai Chi and Otago training programs for eight weeks. Displacement of the center of mass was calculated using kinematic data and was recorded using the motion analysis system camera in a standing position.
Results: The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that the risk of falling scores and balance index before and after the training programs in the two intervention groups were statistically different. Such inter-group analysis showed that, compared to Tai Chi exercises, Otago exercises have greater impacts on the balance index and risk of falling scores.
Conclusion: According to the results, the difference in the risk of falling scores and balance index before and after the training programs in the two intervention groups were statistically significant. Such inter-group analysis showed that, compared with Tai Chi exercises, Otago exercise, has greater impact on the balance index and risk of falling scores.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Elderly
  • Otago exercise program
  • Tai Chi exercise program
  • Falling
  • Balance

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین 1398
صفحه 156-164

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1398

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