رابطه نگرانی از تصویر بدنی و نگرش های ناکارآمد با پیش بینی اعتیاد به ورزش در ورزشکاران پرورش‌اندام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
ورزش از لحاظ روانشناختی و فیزیولوژیکی برای سلامتی فرد دارای فواید زیادی است. با این حال، تعدادی از افراد ممکن است به طور مفرط و بدون در نظر گرفتن درجه آسیب­ دیدگی‌شان ورزش کنند و این امر باعث شده است که محققان به این اتفاق نظر برسند که در بعضی موارد، ورزش کردن می­تواند آسیب­ زا و تبدیل به یک فرآیند اعتیادی شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه نگرانی از تصویر بدنی و نگرش‌های ناکارآمد با پیش­بینی اعتیاد به ورزش در ورزشکاران پرورش­ اندام شهرستان خوی انجام شد.
مواد و روش ­ها
در مطالعه توصیفی-مقطعی حاضر، با استفاده از جدول مورگان از بین 600 ورزشکار زن و مرد 234 ورزشکار پرورش ­اندام، (117 مرد با میانگین سنی 2/3±20؛ 117 زن با میانگین سنی 8/2±20) از باشگاه­های پرورش ­اندام شهر خوی به روش نمونه­گیری ساده انتخاب شدند. داده ­ها با استفاده از پرسش­نامه نگرانی از تصویر بدنی، مقیاس نگرش­ های ناکارآمد تجدید نظر شده و سیاهه اعتیاد به ورزش جمع­ آوری گردید. روایی هر یک از پرسش­نامه­ ها به ترتیب 87/0، 92/0 و 84/0 به دست آمد. داده ­ها با استفاده از آزمون­ های همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون خطی چندگانه مورد تجزیه­ و­دتحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها
نتایج نشان داد که بین اعتیاد به ورزش با نگرانی از تصویر بدنی و نگرش­های ناکارآمد در ورزشکاران پرورش ­اندام رابطه معناداری وجود دارد (01/0p<). همچنین مولفه­ های نگرانی از تصویر بدنی (نارضایتی و خجالت فرد از ظاهر خود، و وارسی کردن و مخفی کردن نقایص ادراک­شده) و نگرش‌های ناکارآمد (موفقیت-کمال­طلبی و نیاز به راضی کردن دیگران) توانستند اعتیاد به ورزش را در ورزشکاران پرورش­اندام به طور مطلوبی پیش ­بینی کنند.
نتیجه­ گیری
نگرانی و برداشت نادرست از تصویر بدنی به همراه نگرش­های ناکارآمد در ارتباط فعالیت­ های ورزشی با افزایش اعتیاد به ورزش همراه است و توجه به این متغیرهای روانشناختی و هدف قرار دادن آن­ها در برنامه­ های مداخلاتی و آموزشی می­تواند به منظور پیشگیری از اعتیاد در ورزشکاران پرورش­ اندام مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between Body Image Concern and Dysfunctional Attitudes in Predicting Exercise Addiction among Bodybuilders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Babalou 1
  • Mir Hamid Salehian 2
1 Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Exercise is psychologically and physiologically beneficial for health. However, some people may overdo it regardless of their degree of injury, which has led the researchers to belive that in some cases, exercise can be harmful and become an addictive process. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between body image concern as well as dysfunctional attitudes and prediction of exercise addiction among bodybuilders in the city of Khoy.
Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional descriptive study, using Morgan table, 234 bodybuilder athletes (117 males; 20±3.2 yrs old and 117 females; 20±2.8 yrs old) were randomly selected out of the first pool of 600 in Khoy city. Data was obtained using Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS-26), and Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI). Reliability of the questionnaires were obtained to be 0.87, 0.92, and 0.84, respectively. Data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient as well as multiple linear regression.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between exercise addiction and body image concern as well as dysfunctional attitudes in bodybuilders (p<0.01). Also, the components of body image concern (dissatisfaction and shame regarding one’s appearance, and checking and camouflaging of a perceived defect) and dysfunctional attitudes (success-perfectionism, and the need for satisfying others) could favorably predict the exercise addiction in bodybuilders.
Conclusion: Concerns and false image regarding the body image along with dysfunctional attitudes towards sport activities are associated with increased addiction to exercise, and paying attention to these psychological variables and targeting them in interventional and educational programs can be useful in preventing exercise addiction in bodybuilders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Exercise Addiction
  • Body Image
  • Dysfunctional Attitudes
  • Bodybuilding
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