بررسی حافظه کاری شنیداری-کلامی در زنان یائسه در محدوده سنی 50 تا 59 سال دارای شنوایی هنجار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کمیته پژوهشی دانشجویان، دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 دکترای تخصصی شنوایی‌شناسی، استادیار گروه شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 گروه شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد آمار زیستی، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

5 عضو هیئت علمی، گروه شنوایی‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، ایران

6 دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
حافظه کاری شنیداری-کلامی توانایی یادگیری، نگهداری و به یادآوری هجاها یا کلمات گفتاری است. عوامل مختلفی مانند سن، جنسیت، تحصیلات و همچنین تغییر در ترشحات غدد درون­ریز مانند غدد جنسی می‌تواند بر میزان کسب امتیاز آزمون­های یادگیری و حافظه تاثیرگذار باشد. در مطالعه حاضر تاثیر یائسگی به علت ایجاد تغییرات ترشح هورمونی بر حافظه کاری زنان مورد توجه قرار گرفت.
مواد و روش ­ها
مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی حاضر بر روی 25 زن 50 تا 59 ساله با شنوایی هنجاری که دو سال یا بیشتر از یائسگی‌شان گذشته است، به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس با استفاده از نسخه فارسی آزمون شنیداری-کلامی ری انجام شد. به منظور بررسی وضعیت توزیع داده­ها از آزمون شاپیرو-ویلک، بررسی ارتباط بین یادآوری فوری با یادآوری با تاخیر و یادآوری با تاخیر با بازشناسی از آزمون ویل کاکسون، بررسی معناداری بین مراحل 1 تا 5 از آزمون فریدمن و بررسی ارتباط بین سن، تحصیلات و نیز سال­های یائسگی با عملکرد افراد در آزمون از ضریب هبستگی اسپیرمن استفاده شد.
یافته­ ها
یافته‌های تحقیق حاضر نشان می‌دهد که بین امتیازات مراحل 1 تا 5 آزمون ری ارتباط معناداری مشاهده شد (p<0.01). بین حافظه تاخیری با امتیاز بازشناسی و نیز تحصیلات با برخی امتیازات ارتباط معنادار مشاهده شد (p<0.01).
نتیجه­ گیری
یائسگی در محدوده سنی 50 تا 59 سال تاثیری بر حافظه شنیداری-کلامی ندارد و به نظر می‌رسد سطح تحصیلات تاثیر بیشتری بر کسب میزان امتیازات آزمون ری در یک دهه از زندگی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Auditory Verbal Working Memory Performance of 50 – 59 Year Old Menopause Women with Normal Hearing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marziyeh Sajadian 1
  • Hamid Jalilvand 2
  • Ali Mohammadzadeh 3
  • Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaee 4
  • Nasrin Gohari 5
  • Maryam Sajadian 6
1 Student Research Committee, MSc Student of Audiology, Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD, Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 MSc in Biostatistics, Basic Sciences Department, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
5 Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
6 PhD. student Rehabilitation Counselor , University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences , Tehran , Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Auditory verbal working memory is defined as the ability to learn, retain, and recall verbal syllables or words. Various factors like age, gender, education, and change in endocrine secretions, such as gonads, can affect the acquisition of memory and learning test scores. In the present study, the effect of menopause on changes in hormonal secretion was studied on women's working memory. 
Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytic study was performed on 25 menopause women, aged 50–59, with normal hearing and who had had their menopause during the past two years or more.  Sampling method was available sampling which was perfromed using the Persion version of the Rey auditory – verbal test. In order to investigate the status of data distribution we used Shapirovailk test, to examine the relationship between immediate recall and delayed recall and delayed recall, Wilcoxon test was run, to study the correlation between stages 1 to 5, Friedman test was used, and to investigate the relationship between age, education, and years of menopause, Spearman's correlation coefficient was run.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the scores of trails 1 to 5. There was also a significant relationship between delayed memory with recognition score and also between education and some scores of memory test.
Conclusion: Menopause in the age range of 50 to 59 years does not affect verbal auditory memory and it seems that the level of education will have a greater impact on the acquisition of scores in a decade of life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Auditory-verbal working memory
  • Rey learning test
  • Women
  • Menopause
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