مقایسه کارکرد اجرایی و رضایت تحصیلی در گروهی از کودکان دبستانی با کاهش شنوایی با و بدون کاشت حلزون و کودکان با شنوایی طبیعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، گروه روانشناسی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی تربیتی،‌ گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ملایر، ملایر، ایران

3 دانشیار، دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ابهر. ابهر، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
کاهش شنوایی پیامدهای منفی جدی در جنبه‌های مختلف رشد کودک از جمله کارکردهای عالی شناختی، آموزش و زبان دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه کارکرد اجرایی و رضایت تحصیلی کودکان دبستانی با کاهش شنوایی، دارای کاشت و بدون کاشت حلزون و کودکان با شنوایی طبیعی انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها
جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر، تمامی کودکان دبستانی با کاهش شنوایی بدون کاشت مدارس استثنایی و کودکان دارای کاهش با کاشت حلزون شنوایی مدارس استثنایی و عادی در دسترس شهر تهران و کودکان با شنوایی طبیعی منطقه 17 آموزش­و­پرورش شهر تهران در مهرماه سال 1393-1394 بود. نمونه این پژوهش 155 کودک دبستانی مدارس عادی و استثنایی شامل ۴۴ دانش­آموز بدون کاشت مدارس استثنایی، 44 دانش­آموز دارای کاشت مدارس استثنایی و عادی شهر تهران با روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی در دسترس و 67 دانش­آموز با شنوایی طبیعی که با روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی خوشه­ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار مورد استفاده، آزمون دسته­بندی کارت­های ویسکانسین و پرسش­نامه کیفیت زندگی در مدرسه بود.
یافته‌ها
تحلیل داده­ها با آزمون تحلیل واریانس ANOVA نشان داد که بین کارکرد اجرایی سه گروه تفاوت معنادار وجود نداشت، اما بین گروه­ها در مدت زمان اجرای آزمون تفاوت معنادار مشاهده گردید )۰۰۴/۰=p) و نیز در رضایت از تحصیل تفاوت بین گروه­ها معنادار بود (۰۳۱/۰=p).
نتیجه‌گیری
دانش­آموزان دارای کاهش شنوایی با کاشت حلزون و بدون کاشت در کارکردهای اجرایی که از طریق آزمون­های بصری و دیداری سنجیده می­شوند با گروه دارای شنوایی بهنجار تفاوتی نداشتند، اما مدت زمان اجرای آزمون در دانش­آموزان با دارای کاشت و بدون کاشت بیشتر بود و رضایت تحصیلی کمتری نسبت به کودکان عادی داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Executive Function and Educational Satisfaction in Primary School Students with Normal Hearing and Hearing Impaired with and without Cochlear Implanted

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nosrat Kamel Attar kAR 1
  • Vahid Khalkhli 2
  • Mojtaba Amiri Majd 3
1 PhD, Student of Psychology Special Children, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University of centeral Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Malayer Branch, Malayer, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Special Children, Department of Psychology, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Hearing impairment has negative consequences on different aspects of children’s development like high cognitive function, learning, and linguistic processes. The purpose of the present study was to compare executive function and educational satisfaction among normal hearing and hearing impaired primary school students with and without cochlear implant.
Materials and Method: A total of 155 primary school students, 44 with hearing impairment and without implants from special schools and 44 with cochlear implants from special and normal schools, were randomly selected. In addition, 67 normal hearing primary school student were selected using random cluster sampling from Tehran between 1393-94. Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) and the Quality of School Life Questionnaire (QSL) were used for evaluating executive functions and educational satisfaction, respectively.
Results: The results of data analysis using ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference between the tree groups in terms of executive function, but there was a significant difference in time performance test (P=0/004). Also, there was a significant difference among the tree groups in terms of educational satisfaction (P=0/031).
Conclusion: Hearing impaired students with and without cochlear implant had no difference with normal hearing students in terms of executive functions measured by visual test, but they spent more time in the executive function test in comparison to the normal hearing students and had less educational satisfaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Executive Function
  • Educational Satisfaction
  • Normal Hearing
  • Hearing Impaired
  • Cochlear Implant
  • Children with Cochlear Implant
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