تاثیر یک دوره تمرینات اسپارک بر پارامترهای راه رفتن و ظرفیت ریوی پسران کم توان ذهنی آموزش پذیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

کارشناس ارشد آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
بر اساس اصل تفاوت­های فردی و ناهنجاری­های ژنتیکی همواره افرادی با اختلافات قابل ملاحظه­ای از نظر جسمی و ذهنی نسبت به افراد طبیعی وجود دارند. بخشی از این افراد، نوجوانان کم­توان ذهنی هستند که در ابعاد فیزیولوژیکی و حرکتی دچار ناکارآمدی­هایی هستند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین تاثیر یک دوره تمرینات اسپارک بر پارامترهای راه رفتن و ظرفیت ریوی پسران کم­توان ذهنی است.
مواد و روش­ ها
تحقیق از نوع نیمه­تجربی بود و نتایج آن از نوع کاربردی محسوب می­شود. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر شامل دانش­آموزان کم­توان ذهنی مدرسه پسرانه رحمت شهر ارومیه بودند که از این بین 30 نفر به صورت در دسترس (با توجه به ملاک­های ورودی، با میانگین سنی 1.4±15.7) انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی به 2 گروه 15 نفری تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی بعد از پیش­آزمون به مدت 12 هفته و هر هفته 3 جلسه در تمرینات اسپارک شرکت کردند. پس از اتمام دوره تمرینی همه اندازه­گیری‌های متغییرها با همان شرایط اولیه تکرار شد. برای تحلیل اطلاعات به دست آمده از آزمون­های t همبسته و مستقل استفاده گردید. داده‌های آماری جمع­آوری­شده به کمک نرم­افزار آماری 22 SPSS تحلیل شد.
یافته ­ها
نتایج نشان داد که بین میانگین تغییرات پهنای راه رفتن، تغییرات طول گام، تغییرات طول دو گام، سرعت راه رفتن گروه تجربی و کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (0.05P>). همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بین میانگین تغییرات زاویه انحراف پا، FVC،FEV1  و نسبت FVC/FEV1 گروه تجربی و کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد.
نتیجه­ گیری
به نظر می‌رسد این تمرینات برای بهبود پارامترهای راه رفتن دانش­آموزان کم­توان ذهنی مناسب است، اما برای بهبود ظرفیت ریوی پسران کم­توان ذهنی نیاز به تمرینات با شدت بالاتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of a Spark Training Course on Walking Parameters and Pulmonary Capacity in Educable Mentally Retarded Boys

نویسنده [English]

  • Zeynab Rostamzadeh
MSc in Corrective Exercises and Sport Injury, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Based on the principle of individual differences and genetic abnormalities, there are always people with significantly different physical and mental differences compared with normal people. Some of these people are mentally retarded teens who are physiologically and motorically disadvantaged. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of Spark exercises on walking parameters and pulmonary capacity of mentally retarded boys.
Materials and Methods: The research was semi-experimental and the results are considered as applied. The statistical population of the study consisted of 30 mentally retarded students of Rahmat School in Uromia selected via available sampling, based on inclusion criteria, with an average age of 15.7 ± 1.4 and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups (15 each). The experimental group participated in the SPARK exercises for 12 weeks after the pre-test. At the end of the training, all measurements of the variables were repeated with the same initial conditions. Independent and independent t tests were run to analyze the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 22.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between mean walking width variation, step length variations, two step length changes, and walking speed of experimental group and those of the control group (P> 0.05). The results also showed that there is no significant difference between the mean changes in foot deviation angle, FVC, FEV1, and FVC/FEV1 ratio betwen experimental and control groups
Conclusion: It seems that these exercises are suitable for improving the walking parameters of mentally retarded students, but in order to improve the lung capacity of boys with mental retardation, more intense exercises are required.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spark exercises
  • Walking parameters
  • Pulmonary capacity
  • Mental retardation boys
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