اثر تمرینات تحریک دهلیزی بر مهارت های حرکتی کودکان سندرم داون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 دکترای فیزیوتراپی، استاد گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 استاد، گروه حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
سندرم داون به عنوان یک اختلال ژنتیکی از عوامل عمده کم­توانی ذهنی، منجر به تاخیر در مهارت­های حرکتی می­گردد. از آنجایی که دیسپلازی ساختار داخلی گوش در این افراد شایع و ناهنجاری گوش داخلی در حدود 75 درصد از بیماران مشاهده شده است، پژوهش حاضر به دنبال بررسی تاثیر تمرینات تحریک دهلیزی بر مهارت­های حرکتی کودکان سندرم داون می­باشد.
مواد و روش­ ها
نمونه آماری مطالعه حاضر شامل 20 دانش­آموز دختر سندرم داون (با میانگین سنی/2±2/10 سال، قد 4/9±1/125 سانتی­متر، وزن 8/5±/32 کیلوگرم، شاخص توده بدنی 6/3±5/20 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع) بود که به صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی تقسیم شدند. پروتکل تمرینی، برنامه ذهن در تکاپوی حرکت با هدف تحریک دهلیزی در قالب بازی، متشکل از 15 ایستگاه، 3 جلسه در هفته و به مدت 8 هفته انجام گرفت. برای ارزیابی مهارت­های حرکتی از آزمون برونینکز-اوزرتسکی استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با نرم­افزار SPSS نسخه 20 در سطح معناداری 05/0P≤ با روش آنالیز دوراهه انجام شد.
یافته ­ها
نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد پس از اتمام دوره مداخله، عوامل سرعت دویدن و چابکی (05/0P≤)، تعادل (05/0P≤)، هماهنگی دوسویه (05/0P≤)، قدرت (05/0P≤)، سرعت پاسخ (05/0P≤)، سرعت و چالاکی اندام فوقانی (05/0P≤) در مجموع مهارت حرکتی درشت (05/0P≤) و مهارت حرکتی ظریف (05/0P≤) تفاوت معناداری را در گروه تجربی نشان دادند.
نتیجه­ گیری
ارزیابی مهارت حرکتی کودکان سندرم داون، بهبود توانایی حرکتی آنها را در پی 8 هفته تمرینات تحریک دهلیزی نشان داد. بر اساس یافته­های پژوهش حاضر توصیه می­شود با انجام یک مداخله با استفاده از تمرینات تحریک دهلیزی به بهبود و ارتقای مهارت حرکتی کودکان سندرم داون کمک شود، هرچند برای نتیجه­ گیری قطعی نیاز به مطالعات بیشتری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Vestibular Stimulation Exercises on Motor Proficiency in Down Syndrome Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshte Shokati 1
  • Ali Asghar Norasteh 2
  • Hassan Daneshmandi 3
1 Master of Science in Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor of Physiotherapy, Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims:Down syndrome as a genetic disorder is one of the major causes of intellectual disability, which leads to delays in motor skill. Since dysplasia of the internal ear structure is common in these individuals, and internal ear abnormalities have been observed in about 75% of patients, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of vestibular stimulation exercises on motor proficiency in Down syndrome children.
Materials and Methods:The statistical sample was 20 girl student’s with Down syndrome (age=10/2±2 years, height =125/1±9/4 cm, weight=32±5/8 kg, and BMI=20/5±3/5 kg/m2) who were randomly divided in to two groups. The intervention of the research, Mind in Motion Maze program, specifically aimed at vestibular stimulating in the form of the game, consisting of 15 exercise stations, performed 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Bruininks-Oseretsky test was used to assess motor Proficiency. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS, version 20. For all statistical tests, the level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05 using two-way Analysis of Variance.
Results: The results of the study showed that at the end of the intervention period, there was a significant difference in the factors of running speed and agility (P ≤ 0.05), balance (P ≤ 0.05), bilateral coordination (P ≤ 0.05), Response speed (P ≤ 0.05), upper-limb speed and dexterity (P ≤ 0.05), and in total, gross motor skill (P ≤ 0.05) and fine motor skill (P ≤ 0.05) in the experimental group.
Conclusion: Assessment of motor proficiency in children with Down syndrome showed improvement in their motor abilities after eight weeks of vestibular stimulation exercises. According to the findings, it is recommended that vestibular stimulation exercises can help improve and increase the motor proficiency in children with Down Syndrome. However, more studies are needed to be able to conclude definitively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vestibular Stimulation Exercises
  • Motor Proficiency
  • Down Syndrome

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 8، شماره 4
دی 1398
صفحه 257-268

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1398

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