مقایسه اثر و ماندگاری هشت هفته تمرینات اصلاحی، بازآموزی پوسچر و برنامه ترکیبی بر گودی کمر افزایش یافته زنان جوان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، پردیس البرز، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی وعلوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
هدف از تحقیق حاضر مقایسه اثر و ماندگاری هشت هفته تمرینات اصلاحی، بازآموزی پوسچر و تلفیق آن‌ها در میزان عارضه گودی کمر‌ افزایش­یافته زنان جوان می‌باشد.
مواد و روش ­ها
پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه ­تجربی با طرح پیش­آزمون-پس­آزمون و پیگیری دوماهه بود.آزمودنی­های این مطالعه شامل ۵۵ دانشجوی زن ۱۸ تا ۲۵ ساله مبتلا به گودی کمر افزایش­یافته بودند که زاویه مساوی و یا بزرگتر از ۵۴ درجه در آنها مشاهده می‌شد، به صورت تصادفی در قالب چهار گروه (تمرین، بازآموزی پوسچر، ترکیب تمرین و بازآموزی پوسچر و کنترل) تقسیم شدند. گروه­های تمرین و ترکیبی به مدت هشت هفته و هفته­ای سه جلسه در برنامه تمرین­های اصلاحی شرکت کردند و گروه­های بازآموزی پوسچر و ترکیبی دو جلسه در هفته به مدت هشت هفته تحت آموزش رعایت پوسچر صحیح قرار گرفتند، در حالی که گروه کنترل فعالیت­های عادی خود را ادامه دادند. درجه گودی کمر هر فرد توسط خط­کش منعطف قبل و بعد از انجام هشت هفته مداخله و سپس بعد از دو ماه پیگیری اندازه‌گیری شد. کلیه آزمون‌های آماری در سطح معنی‌داری ۰۵/۰>p انجام گردید.
یافته­ ها
نتایج آزمون آنالیز واریانس تکرار شونده حاکی از تفاوت معنی‌دار پیش­آزمون و پس­آزمون در سه گروه تمرین، آموزش و ترکیبی در کاهش میزان گودی کمر افزایش­یافته بود. نتایج آزمون تعقیبی نشان داد که پس‌آزمون و پیگیری گروه­های تمرین، بازآموزی پوسچر و ترکیبی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، در میزان گودی کمر با پیش­آزمون اختلاف معنی‌داری در جهت بهبود عارضه داشتند. ماندگاری اثر تمرین، بازآموزی پوسچر و برنامه ترکیبی نشان داد هر سه نوع برنامه بر گودی کمری افزایش­یافته تأثیر کاهنده داشته، ولی تفاوت معنی­داری با یکدیگر نداشته­اند.
نتیجه ­گیری
با در نظر گرفتن نتایج تحقیق حاضر می‌توان بیان کرد که به کار بردن برنامه تمرینات اصلاحی، ترکیبی و بازآموزی پوسچر احتمالا در بهبود گودی کمر افزایش­یافته موثر بوده، اما تأثیر برنامه تمرینات اصلاحی بیش از سایر مداخلات بود. پیشنهاد می‌شود افرادی که دارای این عارضه می‌باشند، با توجه به فراخور شرایط از این پروتکل­های تمرینی و همچنین آموزش وضعیت بدنی صحیح جهت اصلاح این عارضه استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative Effects and Sustainability of Eight Weeks of Corrective Exercises, Postural Reeducation, and Combined Program on Lumbar Hyperlordosis in Young Females

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fadia Riasaty 1
  • Reza Rajabi 2
  • Shahrzad Zandi 3
  • Foad Seidi 4
1 Ph.D candidate in Sport injuries and Corrective exercises, University of Tehran Alborz Campus, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: The aim of the present study was to compare the effect and sustainability of eight weeks of corrective exercises, postural reeducation, and their combination on lumbar hyperlordosis in young females.
Materials and Methods: A semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and two months follow up design was carried out. Participants included 55 female students, aged 18 to 25 years old, with increased lumbar lordosis, having an angle equal to or greater than 54 degrees. Then, they were randomly divided into four groups (corrective exercise, postural reeducation, combination of exercise and postural reeducation, and control). Exercise and combined groups participated in three training sessions for eight weeks, and postural reeducation and combined groups received education sessions twice a week for eight weeks, while the control group received ordinary daily living activities. The degree of lordosis was measured using a flexible ruler before and after eight weeks of intervention, and then after two months of follow-up. All statistical tests were performed at the significant level of P Results: The results of repeated measure of ANOVA indicated a significant difference between pre test and post-test in the three groups of exercise, reeducation, and their combination in reducing lordosis. The post hoc test results showed that posttest and follow up of exercise groups, postural reeducation, and combination program, compared with the control group, had a significant difference in lordosis compared with pre-test, a sign of improvement of the complications. The sustainability effect of exercise, postural reeducation, and combined program showed that all three types of programs had similar effects on the lumbar hyperlordosis and had no significant differences.
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be argued that the use of corrective exercises, combined, and postural reeducation program are likely to be effective in improving hyperlordosis, but the effect of the corrective exercise program was more than those of the other interventions and it is suggested that those with this disorder can use any of these corrective protocols to improve this complication.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corrective exercises
  • Postural reeducation
  • Lumbar hyperlordosis
  • Sustainability
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دوره 9، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 88-101
  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1399