تاثیر هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی بالاتنه، پایین تنه و ترکیبی بر سطوح سرمی آدیپونکتین، هموسیستئین و مقاومت به انسولین زنان سالم غیرفعال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزش، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزش، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
افزایش هموسیستئین و مقاومت به انسولین و کاهش آدیپونکتین از عوامل خطر بیماری­های قلبی-عروقی و متابولیکی می­باشد. یکی از مداخلات درمانی موثر برای کاهش این فاکتورهای خطر انجام تمرینات ورزشی منظم است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تاثیر 8 هفته تمرین مقاومتی بالاتنه، پایین­تنه و ترکیبی بر غلطت آدیپونکتین، هموسیستئین و مقاومت به انسولین دانشجویان زنان سالم تمرین­نکرده بود.
مواد و روش‌ها
56 زن سالم (سن:3±21 سال، وزن 5±60 کیلو­گرم، قد 5±160 سانتی­ متر، شاخص توده بدن (BMI) 5/3±5/21 کیلوگرم ﺑﺮ متر مربع) داوطلبانه در مطالعه حاضر شرکت نمودند. بعد از دو جلسه آشنایی و تعیین قدرت بیشینه آزمودنی­ ها به ­طور تصادفی به چهار گروه مقاومتی بالاتنه، مقاومتی پایین ­تنه، ترکیبی (بالاتنه و پایی تنه) و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه­ های تمرینی به مدت 8 هفته، سه جلسه در هفته، 6 حرکت مقاومتی برای بالا تنه، پایین­ تنه، ترکیب بالاتنه و پایین­ تنه را اجرا نمودند. نمونه ­های خون برای اندازه­ گیری آدیپونکتین، هموسیستئین و مقاومت به انسولین قبل، بعد از چهار هفته و در پایان دوره تمرین گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها
نشان داده شد که  سطوح آدیپونکتین بعد از 8 هفته تمرین مقاومتی بالاتنه، پایین ­تنه و ترکیبی افزایش معنادار داشت. بیشترین افزایش در گروه تمرینی پایین­تنه و کمترین افزایش در گروه تمرینی بالاتنه بود. همچنین، سطوح هموسیستئین در گروه مقاومتی پایین ­تنه و ترکیبی کاهش معناداری یافت. شاخص مقاومت به انسولین نیز در گروه­ های تمرینی پایین­ تنه و ترکیبی کاهش معناداری یافت.
نتیجه‌ گیری
انجام 8 هفته تمرین مقاومتی بالاتنه، پایین­ تنه و ترکیبی افزایش معناداری در سطوح آدیپونکتین و کاهش معناداری در سطوح مقاومت به انسولین و هموسیستئین زنان سالم تمرین­نکرده ایجاد می­کند که این تغییرات به­ طور مستقیم به توده عضلانی درگیر و طول تمرین بستگی دارد؛ به عبارتی دیگر، هرچه توده عضلانی بیشتری در مدت طولانی به کار گرفته شود، احتمالا از مزایای بیشتری در رابطه با افزایش آدیپونکتین سرم و کاهش مقاومت به انسولین و کاهش هموسیستئین و در کل کاهش فاکتورهای خطر ابتلا به بیماری­های قلبی-عروقی و متابولیک می­توان بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Eight Weeks of Upper Body, Lower Body, and Concurrent Resistance Training on the Levels of Homocysteine, Adiponectin, and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Untrained Females

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jabraeel Pouzesg Jadidi 1
  • Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi 2
  • Farnaz Seifi-Skishahr 3
  • Behzad Azadi 1
1 PhD Student, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor ,Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Homocysteine and Insulin resistance increase and adiponectin reduction are the risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In contrast, regular physical exercise is the effective intervention for reducing these risk factors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of upper body, lower body, and mix resistance-training on adiponectin, homocysteine concentration, and insulin resistance in healthy untrained female students.
Materials and Methods: A total of 56 healthy females (age: 21± 3 years old, weight: 60± 5 kg, height: 160± 5 cm, Body Mass Index: 21 /5 ± 3/5 kg m) voluntarily participated in the current study. After two sessions of getting familiar with each other and identifying maximum power, participants were randomly divided into four groups (upper body resistance, lower body resistance, mix [upper and lower] resistance, and control group). Training groups performed six resistance exercises for upper body, lower body, mixed upper and lower body three sessions per week for eight weeks. To measure adiponectin, homocysteine, and insulin resistance, blood samples were obtained before trainings and four weeks after training sessions and at the end of the training period.
Results: It was shown that adiponectin levels increased significantly after eight weeks of resistance exercises in the upper body, lower body, and mix groups. The highest increase was observed in lower body and the lowest one was found in upper body training groups. Also, lower body and mix groups’ homocysteine levels reduced significantly. Moreover, insulin resistance index had significant reduction in all the training groups.
Conclusion: Eight weeks of upper, lower body, and combined resistance training resulted in significant increase in adiponectin levels and a significant decrease in insulin and homocysteine resistance levels in untrained women, which directly affected the involved muscle mass and the length of exercise. In other words, the more the muscle mass is used over a longer period of time, the greater the benefits of increasing serum adiponectin and decreasing insulin resistance and decreasing homocysteine, and thus, in general, overall improving risk factors for preventing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resistance training
  • Homocysteine
  • Adiponectin
  • Insulin Resistance

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 9، شماره 3
مهر 1399
صفحه 83-92

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1399

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