تأثیر 12 هفته تمرینات منتخب پیشگیری از آسیب بر ریسک فاکتورهای درونی مچ پای فوتبالیست های مرد حرفه ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اصفهان )خوراسگان(، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان،ا یران

2 پروفسور، گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
امروزه اسپرین مچ پا شایع­ترین آسیب بازیکنان فوتبال است. مطالعات پیشین نشان داده ­اند که تمرینات پیشگیری از آسیب به­ طور کلی آسیب ­های ورزشی را کاهش می­دهد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر ارزیابی تأثیر 12 هفته تمرینات منتخب پیشگیری از آسیب بر ریسک ­فاکتورهای درونی مچ پای فوتبالیست­ های مرد حرفه­ ای بود.
مواد و روش­ ها
در تحقیق حاضر 50 نفر از فوتبالیست ­های زیر 21 سال باشگاه ذوب آهن اصفهان که در تمرینات پیش­ فصل 1397-1396 حضور داشتند، انتخاب شدند. آزمودنی ­ها به ­صورت تصادفی در 2 گروه 25 نفره (تجربی و کنترل) تقسیم شدند. در مرحله پیش ­آزمون به منظور بررسی تعادل ایستا تست لک ­لک، تعادل پویا تست Y، اندازه گیری دامنه حرکتی مچ پا به­ وسیله گونیامتر و میزان پرش ارتفاع (سارجنت) به­ وسیله متر به عمل آمد. گروه تجربی پروتکل تمرینی خود را به مدت 12 هفته (هر هفته 3 جلسه و هر جلسه 30 دقیقه) انجام دادند، اما گروه کنترل تنها تمرینات معمول خود را انجام دادند. پس از 12 هفته تمامی متغییرها اندازه ­گیری شد. برای مقایسه درون­ گروهی از تی تست وابسته و بین گروهی از آزمون تی تست مستقل استفاده شد (0/05>P).
یافته ­ها
یافته ­ها نشان داد گروه تجربی بیشترین افزایش را در تعادل ایستا، تعادل پویا و میزان پرش ارتفاع داشته است (0/05>P)، هرچند در دامنه حرکتی مچ پا بهبودی حاصل شد، اما از نظر آماری معنادار نبود (0/05<P).
نتیجه­ گیری
به نظر می‌رسد که تمرینات منتخب پیشگیری از آسیب باعث بهبود تعادل ایستا، تعادل پویا و میزان پرش ارتفاع فوتبالیست­ ها می­شود؛ بنابراین توصیه می­شود که این تمرینات در برنامه­ های تمرینی بازیکنان فوتبال گنجانده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of 12 Weeks of Selected Injury Prevention Training on Ankle Intrinsic Risk Factors in Professional Male Soccer Players

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamzeh Fatahian 1
  • Nader Rahnam 2
1 Department of Physical Education, Isfahan branch (Khorasgan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Ankle sprain injury is the most common injury among soccer players. Previous studies have shown that injury prevention exercises generally reduce injuries. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of selected injury prevention training on the risk factors of the internal ankle foot in professional male footballers.
Materials and Methods: A total of 50 soccer players under the age of 21 who were present in the pre-season trainings of 1396-1396 were selected. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of 25 (experimental and control). In the preliminary test, in order to check the static test, the dynamic balance of the Y test, to measure the ankle range, goniometer, and to measure height jump (Sargent), meter were used. The experimental group performed their training protocol for 12 weeks (every 3 weeks and 30 minutes each session), but the control group performed only their usual exercises. After 12 weeks, all variables were measured. Independent t-test was used for intra-group comparisons and independent t-test was run to test the inter-group comparisons (P> 0.05).
Results: The results showed that the experimental group had the highest increase in static balance, dynamic balance, and height jump (P> 0.05); although improvement was observed in the ankle motion range, it was not statistically significant (P <0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, it is concluded that selected injury prevention exercises improve static equilibrium, dynamic equilibrium, and high jump levels for soccer players, so it is recommended that these exercises be included in their training programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Prevention of injury
  • Internal ankle risk factors
  • Professional footballer
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