تأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات پرشی بر فاکتورهای منتخب کینماتیکی در شرایط خستگی در مردان هندبالیست لیگ برتر در معرض خطر آسیب لیگامنت صلیبی قدامی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشجوی حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب شناسی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی گروه بیومکانیک و آسیب شناسی ورزشی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه آسیب‌شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، دکترای تخصصی حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب شناسی ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
خستگی می­تواند منجر به تغییرات زیانبار در کینماتیک فرود شده و مفصل زانو را در وضعیتی قرار دهد که احتمال آسیب لیگامنت صلیبی قدامی را افزایش دهد. با توجه به تأثیر تمرینات پرشی بر روی کاهش آسیب­ های ورزشی و بهبود عملکرد اندام تحتانی، هدف تحقیق حاضر تأثیر 8 هفته تمرینات پرشی بر فاکتورهای منتخب کینماتیکی در شرایط خستگی در مردان هندبالیست لیگ برتر مستعد آسیب لیگامنت صلیبی قدامی بود.
مواد و روش ­ها
روش تحقیق حاضر از نوع نیمه­ تجربی بود. 30 بازیکن هندبال شاغل در لیگ برتر ایران به­صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به ­صورت تصادفی به دو گروه کنترل و تجربی تقسیم شدند. قبل و بعد از یک دوره تمرین 8هفته­ ای (3 جلسه در هفته) در شرایط مشابه زمانی و مکانی، پس از تعیین پای غالب آزمودنی و اعمال پروتکل خستگی، آزمودنی ­ها پرش فرود تک ­پا را انجام دادند. فاکتورهای کینماتیکی اندام تحتانی و تنه در حین فرود تک ­پا توسط دستگاه موشن آنالیز جهت بررسی حرکات در صفحه حرکتی ساجیتال و فرونتال ثبت گردید. در مدت­زمان تحقیق، گروه کنترل هیچ برنامه تمرینی مداخله ­ای انجام ندادند. جهت تجزیه ­و ­تحلیل فرضیه‌های پژوهش از آمار استنباطی آنکوا در نرم ­افزار SPSS نسخه 20 استفاده شد.  
یافته­ ها
نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که پس از هشت هفته تمرینات پرشی در شرایط خستگی میزان فلکشن زانو، فلکشن ران و فلکشن تنه در گروه تمرینی افزایش یافت (به ­ترتیب 0/001=p=0/002, p=0/001, p)، در حالی که کاهش معناداری در والگوس زانو، چرخش تیبیا و تیلت جانبی تنه مشاهده نگردید.
نتیجه­ گیری
نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که تمرینات پلایومتریک احتمالاً می­تواند در پیشگیری از آسیب­های لیگامنت صلیبی قدامی مؤثر باشد. این تمرینات با تأثیر بر روی زوایای کینماتیکی مفاصل و افزایش فعالیت فیدفورواردی عضلات و توسعه کل سیستم عصبی-عضلانی از مکانیزم ­هایی که باعث آسیب لیگامنت صلیبی قدامی حین فرود می­شود، پیشگیری می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Eight Weeks of Jump-Training Programs on Selected Factors of Kinematic in Fatigue Conditions in Men's Handball Player Premier League at the Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farid Alimordi Ghaleh 1
  • Maliheh Hadadnejad 2
  • Amir Letafatkar 3
  • Seyed Sadradin Shojaedin 4
1 PhD Student of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injury, Kharazmi University, Teheran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biomechanic and Sport Injury, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 PhD, Assistant professor of sport injury and corrective exercises, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Kharazmi university, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Biomechanic and Sport Injury, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Fatigue can lead to harmful changes in landing kinematics and put the knee joint in a position that increases chances of injury to the anterior cruciate ligament. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of jump training on selected kinematic factors conditions in Men's Handball Player Premier League who are at the Risk ofAnterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.
Materials and Methods: In the current study, 30 handball players in the Iranian Premier League were selected purposefully and randomly divided into two control and experimental groups. Prior to and eight weeks after the exercises (3 sessions per week) at the same time and place, after determining the participants' dominant leg and applying the fatigue protocol, they performed a single-leg landing jump. Kinematic factors of the lower limb and trunk were recorded during the single-leg landing using Motion Analysis device to investigate movements in the sagittal and frontal motion plate. During the research period, the control group did not perform any intervention training program. ANCOVA was run to analyze the study hypotheses in SPSS, version 20.
Results: The results showed that after eight weeks of training in fatigue conditions, knee, hip, and trunk flexions increased in the exercise group (respectively p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.001,) while no significant decrease was observed in lateral trunk tilt, knee valgus, and tibial torsion.
Conclusion: According to the results, plyometric exercises may be effective in preventing anterior cruciate ligament injury. These exercises prevent mechanisms that cause damage to the anterior cruciate ligament by affecting the kinematic angles of the joints and by increasing the muscular feedforward activity and the development of the entire musculoskeletal system.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knee injury
  • Anterior Cruciate Ligament
  • Fatigue
  • Biomechanics
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دوره 10، شماره 1
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1400
صفحه 90-101
  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 دی 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 فروردین 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1400