تأثیر تمرینات پلایومتریک بر فعالیت الکترومایوگرافی عضلات ابداکتور و اداکتور هیپ در زنان دارای نقص غلبه لیگامانی: کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی کنترل‌شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه آسیب ‌شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌‌سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه سنت آگوستین، میامی، ایالات‌ متحده آمریکا.

چکیده

اهداف: پارگی لیگامان صلیبی قدامی یکی از متداول‌‌ترین آسیب‌‌های غیربرخوردی اندام تحتانی بین ورزشکاران است. نقص غلبه لیگامانی به ‌عنوان یکی از عوامل قابل ‌‌تعدیل این آسیب به شمار می‌رود؛ بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر تمرینات پلایومتریک بر فعالیت الکترومایوگرافی عضلات ابداکتور و اداکتور هیپ در زنان دارای نقص غلبه لیگامانی است.
مواد و روش‌ها: تحقیق حاضر از نوع کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی است. جامعه آماری شامل 24 زن ورزشکار دارای نقص غلبه لیگامانی، با زاویه والگوس داینامیک زانو بیش از 12 درجه بود که به صورت هدفمند وارد تحقیق‌ شده و به ‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه آزمایش، تمرینات پلایومتریکی همراه با فیدبک کلامی را به مدت هشت هفته انجام دادند و گروه کنترل به تمرینات عادی باشگاهی خود پرداختند. فعالیت فیدفورواردی و فیدبکی عضلات ابداکتور (عضله سرینی بزرگ، سرینی میانی و تنسورفاشیالاتا) و اداکتور (ادکتورلانگوس) هیپ در این افراد حین پرش کانترموومنت تک‌پا 100 میلی‌ثانیه قبل و بعد از تماس پا با زمین ارزیابی شد. از آزمون‌‌های تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره و تی زوجی برای تحلیل داده‌‌ها استفاده شد (05/0>P).
یافته‌ها: در گروه آزمایش یافته‌ها به ‌صورت معنا‌داری در فعالیت فیدفورواردی و فیدبکی عضلات سرینی افزایش و در فعالیت فیدفورواردی عضله اداکتور لانگوس کاهش را نشان داد (05/0>P)، اما در گروه کنترل تغییر معنا‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0>P). همچنین با مقایسه میانگین نتایج دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تفاوت معنا‌داری در فعالیت فیدفورواردی عضلات سرینی مشاهده شد (05/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که نه‌تنها یک برنامه هشت هفته‌ای پلایومتریک همراه با فیدبک کلامی می‌‌تواند فعالیت الکترومایوگرافی عضلات ابداکتور و اداکتور هیپ را در افراد با والگوس داینامیک زانو بهبود بخشد، بلکه چنین برنامه‌‌ای می‌‌تواند موجب بهبود در کینماتیک اندام تحتانی این افراد شود و از این طریق عوامل خطر قابل ‌‌تعدیل آسیب ACL را کاهش دهد و از آسیب آن جلوگیری کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plyometric Training on Electromyographic Activity of Hip Abductor and Adductor Muscles in Women With Ligament Dominance: A Randomized Clinical Trial

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Ramezani 1
  • Farzaneh Saki 1
  • Behdad Tahayori 2
1 Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injury, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 College of Rehabilitative Sciences, University of Saint Augustine, Miami, USA.
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common non-contact lower extremity injuries among athletes. Ligament dominance is considered as one of the modifiable factors of ACL injury. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of plyometric training on electromyographic activity of hip abductor and adductor muscles in women with ligament dominance.
Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 24 female athletes with ligament dominance, (Dynamic knee valgus angle >12 degrees), who were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two groups of training (n=12) and control (n=12). The training group performed plyometric training with verbal feedback for eight weeks, while the control group performed their regular training. The feedforward and feedback activity of hip abductor (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and tensor fascia latae) and adductor muscles (adductor longus) were assessed during a single-leg countermovement jump task 100 milliseconds before and after foot-ground contact. Paired t-test and multivariate covariance analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: A significant increase in gluteal muscles activity and a decrease in adductor longus muscle activity was reported in the training group (p < 0.05), but not in the control group (P>0.05). In comparing the mean scores of the two study groups, a significant difference was observed in gluteal muscles’ feedforward activity (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of plyometric training with verbal feedback can improve the electromagnetic activity of hip abductor and adductor muscles in women with ligament dominance and thus reduce the risk of ACL injury.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plyometric training
  • Electromyography
  • Feedback
  • Anterior cruciate ligament injury

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 10، شماره 2
خرداد و تیر 1400
صفحه 202-219

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 خرداد 1400

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