مروری بر نقش پرسش نامه کوتاه شده اطمینان به حفظ تعادل در فعالیت های خاص در پیش بینی خطر زمین خوردن در سالمندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دفتر تحقیقات و فناوری دانشجویان، دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 مربی گروه شنوایی شناسی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
یکی از رایج­ترین اختلالات دوران سالمندی عدم تعادل و گیجی است.از دست دادن اطمینان به حفظ تعادل در بعضی موارد از زمین خوردن نیز ناتوان کننده­تر است. با توجه به روند رو به رشد جهانی جمعیت سالمندان توجه به نیازها و مسائل خاص آنها ضروری به نظر می­رسد، اما آیا خطر زمین خوردن قابل پیش­بینی است؟
پرسش­نامه ABC یک ابزار معتبر و مفید در ارزیابی اطمینان به حفظ تعادل و ترس از زمین خوردن در سالمندان می­باشد که استانداردسازی و انطباق فرهنگی آن به تازگی در ایران صورت گرفته است. با وجود اینکه این پرسش­نامه 16 گزینه­ای از روایی و پایایی خوبی برخوردار است، اما به لحاظ وقت­گیر بودن استفاده از آن در کاربردهای بالینی و پژوهشی درجمعیت سالمند، نسخه کوتاه شده آن طراحی شده و در دسترس قرار گرفته است. نسخه کوتاه شده پرسش­نامه اطمینان به حفظ تعادل دارای ویژگی­های مشابه با نسخه اصلی بوده و برای ارزیابی ترس از زمین خوردن در گروه­های مختلف مفید است.اندازه­گیری­ها در مطالعات مختلف نشان می­دهد که روایی نسخه کوتاه پرسش­نامه مشابه نسخه­ی طولانی­تر است. گرچه برخی مطالعات به طراحی نسخه کوتاه این پرسش­نامه (6 گزینه به جای 16 گزینه اصلی) اشاره کرده­اند و همبستگی بالایی با نسخه اصلی نشان داده است، به­طوری­که می­تواند جایگزین نسخه اصلی گردد، اما بررسی روایی و پایایی نسخه کوتاه شده timدر جمعیت سالمندان در جوامع مختلف ضروری به نظر می­رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of the Role of the Shortened Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Questionnaire in Predicting the Risk of Falling in the Elderly

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Azizi 1
  • Homa Zarrinkoob 2
1 Student’s Research Committee, MSc in Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 MSc in Audiology, Lecturer, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Balance impairment and dizziness are among the most common disorders among the elderly. Losing confidence in maintaining balance can sometimes be even more debilitating than actually falling down. Considering the global increase in the elderly population, it seems important to focus on their specific needs including balance and the question whether it is possible to predict the risk of falling.
The ABC questionnaire is a valid and useful tool for evaluating balance confidence and fear of falling among the elderly. Recently, the questionnaire has been standardized and culturally adapted for use in Iran. Although this 16-item questionnaire has acceptable validity and reliability, completing it for clinical and research purposes among the elderly is time-consuming. Therefore, a shorter version consisting of six items was designed, which is useful for assessing fear of falling in different groups. Objective assessment of the short version showed that it is as reliable as the long version, as reported previously. Although some studies have used the short version, which has been shown to have a high correlation with the original version meaning that it can replace the latter. However, it is necessary to assess the validity and reliability of the short version (ABC-6) in different elderly populations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Balance confidence
  • Fall
  • Balance Impairment
  • Elderly

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 6، شماره 1
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1396
صفحه 279-288

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 بهمن 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 13 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1396

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