بررسی میزان شیوع اختلال پردازش حسی بر اساس ادراک والدین در کودکان 5 تا 11 ساله شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کمیته پژوهشی دانشجویان. دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد کاردرمانی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد کاردرمانی، دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی علوم اعصاب، دانشکده فناوری های نوین پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران

3 مربی گروه کاردرمانی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
با توجه به اهمیت تشخیص زودهنگام اختلال پردازش حسی در کنترل مشکلات رفتاری، اجتماعی و آموزشی مطالعه ی حاضر به بررسی میزان شیوع اختلال پردازش حسی بر اساس ادراک والدین در کودکان 5 تا 11 ساله شهر تهران پرداخته است.
مواد و روش ها
در پژوهش حاضر که از نوع توصیفی-مقطعی است، 2191 کودک 5 تا 11 ساله شهر تهران با استفاده از نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند. در این بررسی از پرسش نامه وضعیت حسی (Sensory Profile (SP)) استفاده شد. اطلاعات جمع آوری شده از این کودکان با استفاده از روش های آماری مان ویتنی (Mann Whitney)، کلموگروف-اسمیرنوف (Kolmogorov-Smirnov)، ولش Welch و آزمون تحلیل واریانس ANOVA تحلیل گردید.
یافته ها
یافته های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که شیوع اختلال پردازش حسی در دو جنس از نظر آماری متفاوت است و شانس احتمال ابتلا به این اختلال در پسران بالاتر از دختران می باشد. بیشترین میزان درگیری افراد به اختلال پردازش حسی در فاکتور حساسیت حسی و کمترین میزان درگیری نیز در فاکتور حرکات ظریف/درک می باشد. نتایج آزمون مان-ویتنی نشان داد که میانه ی فاکتورهای حس طلبی، واکنش عاطفی، حساسیت حس دهانی، بی توجهی و حواس پرتی، حساسیت حسی و حرکات ظریف/درک در دختران و پسران به طور معناداری متفاوت است (P<0.001). هم چنین یافته های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که بین سن و تمامی فاکتورهای 9 گانه به غیر از فاکتور واکنش عاطفی ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد (P<0.001).
نتیجه گیری
بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از پژوهش حاضر شیوع اختلال پردازش حسی در تمام فاکتورهای 9 گانه در پسران بیشتر از دختران بود و فاکتور حساسیت حسی بالاترین میزان شیوع را نسبت به سایر فاکتورها داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence of Parent's Perceptions of Sensory Processing Disorders among 5-11 Year-Old Children in Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marjan Shahbazi 1
  • Faezeh Dehghan 2
  • Navid Mirzakhani 3
  • Fatemeh Shahbazi 4
1 Student Research Committee. MSc Student in Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 MSc in Occupational Therapy, Ph.D. Student in Neuroscience, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 MSc of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 MSc Student in Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and aim: Sensory processing in humans involves reception of a physical stimulus, transduction of the stimulus into a neural impulse, and perception, or, the conscious experience of sensation.These sensory disorders can negatively affect development and functional abilities in behavioral, emotional, motoric, and cognitive domains. The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of parent's perceptions of sensory processing disorders among 5 to 11 year-old children in Tehran, Iran.
Materials and methods: The current study was a descriptive and cross sectional study performed on 5 to 11 year-old children. Data collection instruments were a demographic and a sensory profile questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann Whitney Welch, and ANOVA tests.
Results: In the present study, 2191 cases were evaluated in terms of sensory processing factors.According to the findings, morbidity from sensory processing disorder in boys is higher than that in girls. Also, the most common disorder was observed in sensory sensitivity factor and the lowest was related to fine movement and perception. The results of Mann Whitney showed that the medians of sensory sensitivity, emotional reaction, and oral sensory sensitive, inattention and destructibility, sensory sensitivity, and fine movements/perception were significantly different between males and females (P < 0.001). In addition, findings of the present research showed that there exists significant relationships between age and all nine factors except for emotional response (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Due to the impact of the disorder on the children's quality of life and their adverse effects on the children's personal and social life, screening school-aged children and making attempts to treat it is necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sensory Processing Disorder
  • Perception
  • Child

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 6، شماره 4
آذر و دی 1396
صفحه 48-57

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1396

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