اثر تمرین اغتشاشی بر کنترل پاسچر تحت تکلیف دوگانه شناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد رفتار حرکتی، گرایش یادگیری و کنترل حرکتی دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
امروزه دسترسی یکی از تکالیف رایج روزانه زندگی می­باشد و از آنجایی که اغلب تکالیف روزانه زندگی هم­زمان با تکالیف شناختی همراه است، باعث افت عمکلرد در تکلیف اصلی می­شود. بهبود ثبات پاسچر باعث بهبود این عملکرد در شرایط متفاوت می­باشد؛ بدین منظور هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر تمرین ثابت (زمان واکنش ساده) و متغیر تصادفی (زمان واکنش انتخابی) بر کنترل پیش­بینانه پاسچر تحت تکلیف دوگانه­شناختی می­باشد.
مواد و روش ­ها
در تحقیق حاضر 16 دانشجوی دختر راست­دست با میانگین سنی 3.18±27.18 سال در یک طرح تحقیق با پیش­آزمون-پس­آزمون گروه تصادفی شرکت کردند. برای ارزیابی بزرگی کنترل پیش­بینانه پاسچر از شاخص سرعت متوسط و جابه­جایی مرکز فشار پا با استفاده از صفحه نیرو قبل از شروع حرکت دسترسی تحت تکلیف دوگانه­شناختی استفاده شد. داده­ها توسط نرم­افزار متلب و SPSS نسخه 21 تجزیه و تحلیل شد.
یافته ­ها
یافته­ها نشان داد نتایج آزمون تی مستقل از اختلاف نمرات پیش­آزمون و پس­آزمون دو گروه نشان داد که در گروه تمرین ثابت سرعت جابه­جایی مرکز فشار تحت تکلیف دوگانه­شناختی قبل از شروع حرکت بیشتر از گروه تمرین متغیر تصادفی بود  (05/0P<). هم­چنین نتایج تحلیل واریانس ترکیبی 2×2 در جابه­جایی مرکز فشار بین دو گروه تمرین ثابت و تصادفی تقاوت معناداری نشان نداد (05/0P<).
نتیجه ­گیری
به نظر می‌رسد بعد از تمرین ثابت کنترل پیش­بینانه پاسچر تحت تکلیف دوگانه­شناختی بهبود پیدا کرده است. این نوع تمرین باعث بهبود عملکرد کنترل پیش­بینانه پاسچر بعد از وارد شدن اغتشاش حاصل از حرکت بدن شده است. نتایج تحقیق حاضر از فرضیه اصل اختصاصی بودن تمرین حمایت می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Perturbation Training on Postural Control under Dual Task Condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faezeh Mohammadi Sanjani 1
  • Masoumeh Shojae 2
  • Afkham Danrshfar 2
1 MSc in Motor Behavior, Department of Motor Learning and Control, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Motor Learning and Control, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Reaching is one of the common daily life tasks. Most of daily life activities, such as reaching, are performed simultaneously by cognitive tasks, and thus result in decline in performance of the main tasks. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of constant (simple reaction time) and random variable (choice reaction time) trainings on anticipatory postural adjustment under dual task conditions.
Materials and Methods: A total of 16 right handed young girls with an average age of (27.18± 3.18) participated in the current pre-test, post-test randomized group design research. To evaluate magnitude of anticipatory postural adjustment, center of pressure displacement and center of pressure mean velocity were measured using force plate before reaching movement initiation under dual task conditions. Data was analyzed using Matlab and SPSSS softwares.
Results: The results of independent t-test of pre-test and post-test scores showed that, in constant training, mean velocity of center of pressure was greater than that of random variable training. Also, 2×2 combine variance analysis in the center of pressure displacement did not show significant differences between the two groups
Conclusion: According to the results, after constant training, anticipatory postural adjustment is improved under dual task conditions. This type of training leads to improvement of anticipatory postural adjustment after internal perturbation. Findings of the present study support Task-specific practice hypothesis evidence.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reaction time
  • Secondary task
  • Random training
  • Anticipatory postural adjustment
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دوره 7، شماره 4
آذر و دی 1397
صفحه 177-184
  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1397