مقایسه مولفه های نیروی عکس العمل زمین طی دویدن در کودکان دارای عارضه سربه جلو در مقایسه با همسالان سالم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد آسیب شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
عارضه سربه­ جلو یکی از اختلالات شایع در ناحیه گردن است. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی مولفه­ های نیروی عکس ­العمل زمین در کودکان دارای عارضه سربه­ جلو در مقایسه با همتایان سالم طی فاز اتکای دویدن بود.
مواد و روش ­ها
28 کودک پسر به ترتیب در دو گروه سالم (تعداد=16 نفر) و سربه­ جلو (تعداد=12 نفر) قرار گرفتند. دو سیستم صفحه ­نیرو کیستلر جهت ثبت نیروهای عکس ­العمل زمین طی دویدن با پای برهنه استفاده شد. اوج مولفه­های نیروی عکس ­العمل زمین، زمان رسیدن به اوج این مولفه ­ها، ایمپالس در سه بعد و اوج مثبت و منفی گشتاور آزاد جهت تحلیل ­های بیشتر مورد محاسبه قرار گرفت. از آزمون آماری تی مستقل جهت مقایسه بین گروهی استفاده شد. سطح معناداری برابر 05/0>P بود.
یافته ­ها
نتایج نشان داد که سرعت دویدن در کودکان دارای عارضه سرب­ جلو در مقایسه با گروه کنترل کمتر می­باشد (001/0>P). زمان رسیدن اوج عمودی (حدود 2/11 درصد، اندازه اثر متوسط، 035/0=P) و خارجی (حدود 3/76 درصد، اندازه اثر بزرگ، 009/0=P) نیروی عکس­ لعمل زمین در گروه سربه­جلو نسبت گروه سالم بزرگتر بود. اوج مولفه ­های نیروی عکس ­العمل زمین و اوج مثبت و منفی گشتاور آزاد بین دو گروه به لحاظ آماری اختلاف معناداری را نشان نداد (05/0<P).
نتیجه ­گیری
سرعت دویدن در کودکان دارای عارضه ­ی سربه ­جلو نسبت به همسالان سالم پائین­ تر بود، در حالی که اوج مولفه ­های نیروی عکس ­العمل زمین مشابه بود. تغییر سرعت دویدن و مولفه­ های نیروهای عکس ­العمل زمین مشابه، نشان­دهنده کارایی مکانیکی پایین­تر دویدن در کودکان دارای عارضه سربه­ جلو می­باشد. این افراد نیازمند انجام تداخلات همچون تمرینات ورزشی هستند تا مقادیر اوج مولفه­های نیروی عکس ­العمل زمین و گشتاور آزاد را طی دویدن در آن­ها کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Running Ground Reaction Force Characteristics in Children with Forward Head Posture Compared to Healthy Control Ones

نویسندگان [English]

  • AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero 1
  • Hamed Sheikhalizadeh 2
  • Somaye Salahi Movasagh 3
1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Allame Tabatabaii, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: Forward head posture is one of the most prevalent disorders in the cervical area. The objective of the present study was to investigate ground reaction force components during running in an able-bodied control group and in children with forward head posture.
Materials and Methods: A total of 28 male children including 16 healthy controls and 16 children with forward head posture participated in the current study. Two Kistler force platforms were used to record the ground reaction forces during barefoot running. Peak ground reaction force components, their time to peak, impulses in all axes, and peak positive and negative free moments were assessed. Independent sample t-test was used for between-group comparisons. The significance level was set at p<0.05.
Results: The findings indicated that running speed in children with forward head was smaller than that in control group (P<0.001). Time to peak for vertical (by 11.2%; medium effect size; P=0.035) and lateral (by 76.3%; large effect size; P=0.009) ground reaction force components in forward head group were greater than those in healthy group. Peak ground reaction force components and peak positive and negative free moment amplitudes were not found to be statistically different between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Running speed in children with forward head posture was lower than that in healthy control group, while the peak ground reaction force components were similar to those in control group. This altered running speed and ground reaction forces are suggestive of a lower mechanical efficiency of running in children with forward head posture. Children with forward head posture need interventions such as sport exercises to reduce peak ground reaction force components and free moment values during running.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ground reaction force
  • Running
  • Forward head
  • Free moment

مراجع

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 7، شماره 4
آذر و دی 1397
صفحه 217-226

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 دی 1397

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